Farmer Edward E, Davoine Céline
Gene Expression Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2007 Aug;10(4):380-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2007.04.019. Epub 2007 Jul 23.
The interest in reactive electrophile species (RES) stems largely from the fact that they can have powerful biological activities. RES stimulate the expression of cell survival genes as well many other genes commonly upregulated in environmental stress and pathogenesis. RES levels must be carefully controlled in healthy cells but their formation and destruction during stress is of great interest. Unlike many 'classical' signals and hormones, RES can potentially affect gene expression at all levels by chemically reacting with nucleic acids, proteins and small molecules as well as by indirectly lowering pools of cellular reductants. Recent works involving genetic approaches have begun to provide compelling evidence that, although excess RES production can lead to cell damage, lower levels of RES may modulate the expression of cell survival genes and may actually contribute to survival during severe stress.
对反应性亲电物质（RES）的兴趣很大程度上源于它们具有强大生物活性这一事实。RES刺激细胞存活基因以及许多在环境应激和发病过程中通常上调的其他基因的表达。在健康细胞中，RES水平必须受到严格控制，但在应激期间它们的形成和破坏却备受关注。与许多“经典”信号和激素不同，RES可能通过与核酸、蛋白质和小分子发生化学反应，以及通过间接降低细胞还原剂库，在各个层面影响基因表达。最近涉及遗传学方法的研究已开始提供令人信服的证据，即尽管过量产生RES会导致细胞损伤，但较低水平的RES可能会调节细胞存活基因的表达，实际上可能有助于在严重应激期间存活。
