Stige Signe, Fjell Anders M, Smith Lars, Lindgren Magnus, Walhovd Kristine B
Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
Dev Neuropsychol. 2007;32(1):563-84. doi: 10.1080/87565640701361096.
The relationship of visual P3a and P3b to age and neuropsychological performance was investigated in 26 healthy children (6.8-15.8 years) and 129 adult volunteers (20.0-88.8 years). Within the sample of children, an effect of age on midline topography was observed, with higher frontal amplitudes in the youngest compared to the oldest children. Increasing age was associated with lower P3a and P3b amplitude and shorter P3b latency at Fz. Performance on neuropsychological tests (matrix reasoning from WASI, digit span from WAIS, word order and hand movement from Kaufman) was only weakly associated with measures of P3a and P3b. The analyses were then repeated with the full life-span sample (n = 155). It was found that for P3a, amplitude decreased and latency increased with age. For P3b, the pattern was more complex, with a nonlinear amplitude reduction and no latency change with age. It appears that the development of P3a in children represents the start of processes that later continue in the adult life-span, but that the automatic processes indexed by P3a seems to mature earlier than the controlled processes reflected by P3b. Finally, it was demonstrated that the relationships between neuropsychological test scores (matrix reasoning, digit span) and P3 parameters were complex, following a mix of linear and nonlinear patterns. It is suggested that the neuropsychological significance of the different P3a and P3b parameters may change from childhood to the adult life-span.
在26名健康儿童（6.8 - 15.8岁）和129名成年志愿者（20.0 - 88.8岁）中，研究了视觉P3a和P3b与年龄及神经心理表现的关系。在儿童样本中，观察到年龄对中线脑电地形图有影响，最年幼的儿童与最年长的儿童相比，额叶振幅更高。年龄增长与Fz处较低的P3a和P3b振幅以及较短的P3b潜伏期相关。神经心理测试（韦氏儿童智力量表中的矩阵推理、韦氏成人智力量表中的数字广度、考夫曼测验中的词序和手部动作）的表现与P3a和P3b的测量指标仅存在微弱关联。然后对整个寿命样本（n = 155）重复进行分析。结果发现，对于P3a，振幅随年龄降低，潜伏期随年龄增加。对于P3b，模式更为复杂，振幅呈非线性降低，潜伏期不随年龄变化。儿童期P3a的发展似乎代表了在成年期后续仍会持续的过程的开端，但由P3a索引的自动过程似乎比由P3b反映的受控过程成熟得更早。最后，研究表明神经心理测试分数（矩阵推理、数字广度）与P3参数之间的关系很复杂，呈现出线性和非线性模式的混合。研究表明，不同的P3a和P3b参数的神经心理意义可能从儿童期到成年期会发生变化。
