Waller K, Kaprio J, Kujala U M
Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Feb;32(2):353-61. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803692. Epub 2007 Jul 24.
Physical activity level and obesity are both partly determined by genes and childhood environment. To determine the associations between long-term leisure-time physical activity, weight gain and waist circumference and whether these are independent of genes and childhood effects.
The study design is a 30-year follow-up twin study in Finland. For this study, 146 twin pairs were comprehensively identified from the large Finnish Twin Cohort. These twin pairs were discordant for both intensity and volume of leisure physical activity in 1975 and 1981 and were healthy in 1981. At follow-up in 2005, both members of 89 pairs were alive and participated in a structured telephone interview. In the interview self-measured weight and waist circumference, and physical activity level for the whole follow-up were assessed. Paired tests were used in the statistical analyses.
Waist circumference at 30-year follow-up (2005) and change in weight from 1975 to 2005.
In the 42 twin pairs discordant for physical activity at all time points during the 30-year period, the mean weight gain from 1975 through 2005 was 5.4 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-8.9) less in the active compared to inactive co-twins (paired t-test, P=0.003). In 2005, the mean waist circumference was 8.4 cm (95% CI 4.0-12.7) less in the active compared with inactive co-twins (P<0.001). These trends were similar for both monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Pairwise differences in weight gain and waist circumference were not seen in the 47 twin pairs, who were not consistently discordant for physical activity.
Persistent participation in leisure-time physical activity is associated with decreased rate of weight gain and with a smaller waist circumference to a clinically significant extent even after partially controlling for genetic liability and childhood environment.
身体活动水平和肥胖在一定程度上均由基因和童年环境决定。旨在确定长期休闲时间身体活动、体重增加与腰围之间的关联，以及这些关联是否独立于基因和童年影响因素。
本研究设计为在芬兰进行的一项为期30年的双生子随访研究。为此，从大型芬兰双生子队列中全面识别出146对双生子。这些双生子在1975年和1981年的休闲身体活动强度和量方面存在差异，且在1981年时身体健康。在2005年随访时，89对双生子中的两人都在世，并参与了一次结构化电话访谈。在访谈中，评估了自我测量的体重、腰围以及整个随访期间的身体活动水平。统计分析采用配对检验。
30年随访时（2005年）的腰围以及1975年至2005年的体重变化。
在30年期间所有时间点身体活动存在差异的42对双生子中，与不活跃的孪生同胞相比，活跃的孪生同胞从1975年到2005年的平均体重增加少5.4千克（95%置信区间（CI）2.0 - 8.9）（配对t检验，P = 0.003）。2005年，与不活跃的孪生同胞相比，活跃的孪生同胞平均腰围少8.4厘米（95%CI 4.0 - 12.7）（P < 0.001）。单卵双生子和双卵双生子对的这些趋势相似。在47对身体活动并非始终存在差异的双生子中，未观察到体重增加和腰围的成对差异。
即使在部分控制了遗传易感性和童年环境因素后，持续参与休闲时间身体活动在临床上仍与体重增加率降低和腰围减小显著相关。
