Moore Sarah, Sikora Patricia, Grunberg Leon, Greenberg Edward
Department of Psychology, University of Puget Sound, 1500 North Warner, Tacoma, WA 98416, USA.
Addict Behav. 2007 Dec;32(12):3114-21. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.06.009. Epub 2007 Jun 9.
In an effort to identify groups who may be more vulnerable to tension-reduction drinking [Frone, M. (2003). Predictors of overall and on-the-job substance use among young workers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8, 39-54.], we examine whether drinking alcohol in response to work stress varies as a function of whether workers were raised in homes where (a) both parents abstained from alcohol, (b) at least one parent drank nonproblematically, (c) at least one parent drank problematically, or (d) both parents drank problematically. Employees participating in a large, longitudinal study who reported using alcohol in the previous year (N=895) completed various measures of work stressors, alcohol use, and alcohol problems. We found few mean group differences for either the work stressor or alcohol measures, but we did find a greater number of significant and moderate correlations between work stressors and alcohol for those reporting that both parents drank alcohol problematically. Interestingly, a number of significant correlations were found for those reporting that both parents abstained from alcohol; few were found for the two groups reporting that at least one parent drank with or without alcohol problems. Results are interpreted in light of where and how alcohol expectancies and other coping methods are learned.
为了确定哪些群体可能更容易受到以减少紧张为目的饮酒的影响[弗罗恩，M.（2003年）。年轻工人总体和工作场所物质使用的预测因素。《职业健康心理学杂志》，8，39 - 54。]，我们研究了因工作压力而饮酒的情况是否会因工人成长的家庭环境不同而有所变化，这些家庭环境包括：（a）父母双方都戒酒；（b）至少有一位父母饮酒但无问题；（c）至少有一位父母饮酒存在问题；（d）父母双方饮酒都存在问题。参与一项大型纵向研究且报告在前一年饮酒的员工（N = 895）完成了各种工作压力源、饮酒情况和饮酒问题的测量。我们发现，无论是工作压力源还是饮酒测量指标，各群体之间的平均差异都很少，但我们确实发现，对于那些报告父母双方饮酒都存在问题的人来说，工作压力源与饮酒之间存在更多显著且中等程度的相关性。有趣的是，对于那些报告父母双方都戒酒的人，也发现了一些显著的相关性；而对于报告至少有一位父母饮酒且有或无饮酒问题的两组人，发现的相关性较少。我们根据饮酒期望和其他应对方式的学习地点及方式对结果进行了解释。
