Liu Xianfang C, Keyes Katherine M, Li Guohua
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 18;14:1303. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1303.
Excessive alcohol use in adolescence can be detrimental to health and academic performance. Few studies consider the moderating effects of parental and peer influence within the context of adolescent work outside of the school environment. This study aims to examine work stress among adolescents and the association with alcohol use and drunkenness, in the context of parental and peer influences.
Grade 12 students who participated in Monitoring the Future surveys between 2005 and 2009 (n = 12,341) were included in this study. Independent variables included work stress (job satisfaction, perceived safety, and perceived safety of possessions), self-reported perceptions towards academics and influence from parents and peers. Frequency of alcohol use and drunkenness were measured for lifetime, last 30 days and 12 months. The moderating effects of academic aspiration, parental, and peer influence were assessed on the relationship between work stress and alcohol use.
Any work stress was positively associated with alcohol use over the past 12 months (odds ratio = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.23). Stratified analysis found that peer influence significantly moderated the relationship between work stress and alcohol use over the lifetime and past 12 months. Among adolescents with work stress, odds ratios of alcohol use over the lifetime was 0.83 (95% CI 0.71-0.97) for those with low negative peer influence and 1.09 (95% CI 0.97-1.22) for those with high negative peer influence.
Problematic drinking patterns were more apparent among high school students who experienced stress at work. Positive peer influence, however, may buffer the adverse effect of work stress on alcohol use.
青少年过度饮酒会损害健康和学业成绩。很少有研究考虑在学校环境之外青少年工作背景下父母和同伴影响的调节作用。本研究旨在探讨青少年的工作压力以及在父母和同伴影响背景下与饮酒及醉酒之间的关联。
本研究纳入了2005年至2009年期间参加“未来监测”调查的12年级学生（n = 12341）。自变量包括工作压力（工作满意度、感知安全和财产感知安全）、自我报告的对学业的看法以及来自父母和同伴的影响。测量了终生、过去30天和12个月内的饮酒频率和醉酒情况。评估了学业抱负、父母和同伴影响对工作压力与饮酒之间关系的调节作用。
在过去1年中，任何工作压力都与饮酒呈正相关（优势比 = 1.12，95%置信区间（CI）1.02-1.23）。分层分析发现，同伴影响在终生和过去12个月内显著调节了工作压力与饮酒之间的关系。在有工作压力的青少年中，同伴负面影响低的青少年终生饮酒的优势比为0.83（95%CI 0.71-0.97），同伴负面影响高的青少年为1.09（95%CI 0.97-1.22）。
在工作中经历压力的高中生中，有问题的饮酒模式更为明显。然而，积极的同伴影响可能会缓冲工作压力对饮酒的不利影响。
