大学员工中的性骚扰和普遍存在的职场虐待：发生率及其与心理健康的关联
Sexual harassment and generalized workplace abuse among university employees: prevalence and mental health correlates.
作者信息
Richman J A, Rospenda K M, Nawyn S J, Flaherty J A, Fendrich M, Drum M L, Johnson T P
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1999 Mar;89(3):358-63. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.3.358.
OBJECTIVES
This study hypothesized that interpersonal workplace stressors involving sexual harassment and generalized workplace abuse are highly prevalent and significantly linked with mental health outcomes including symptomatic distress, the use and abuse of alcohol, and other drug use.
METHODS
Employees in 4 university occupational groups (faculty, student, clerical, and service workers; n = 2492) were surveyed by means of a mailed self-report instrument. Cross-tabular and ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses examined the prevalence of harassment and abuse and their association with mental health status.
RESULTS
The data show high rates of harassment and abuse. Among faculty, females were subjected to higher rates; among clerical and service workers, males were subjected to higher rates. Male and female clerical and service workers experienced higher levels of particularly severe mistreatment. Generalized abuse was more prevalent than harassment for all groups. Both harassment and abuse were significantly linked to most mental health outcomes for men and women.
CONCLUSIONS
Interpersonally abusive workplace dynamics constitute a significant public health problem that merits increased intervention and prevention strategies.
目的
本研究假设，涉及性骚扰和普遍职场虐待的人际职场压力源极为普遍，且与包括症状性困扰、酒精使用与滥用以及其他药物使用在内的心理健康结果显著相关。
方法
通过邮寄自填式问卷对4个大学职业群体（教师、学生、文职人员和服务人员；n = 2492）的员工进行调查。交叉表分析、普通最小二乘法和逻辑回归分析考察了骚扰和虐待的发生率及其与心理健康状况的关联。
结果
数据显示骚扰和虐待的发生率很高。在教师群体中，女性遭受的比例更高；在文职人员和服务人员群体中，男性遭受的比例更高。男性和女性文职人员及服务人员遭受特别严重虐待的程度更高。对所有群体而言，普遍虐待比骚扰更为常见。骚扰和虐待均与男性和女性的大多数心理健康结果显著相关。
结论
人际虐待性的职场动态构成了一个重大的公共卫生问题，值得加强干预和预防策略。
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