Yang Lixia, Hasher Lynn
Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2007 Jul;62(4):P230-3. doi: 10.1093/geronb/62.4.p230.
Using a picture-word paradigm, we investigated age differences in distraction from to-be-ignored pictures. On each trial, participants viewed a prime word that was superimposed on an irrelevant picture, followed by a test word. The task was to determine whether the prime and test words were semantically related. The pictures were either congruent or incongruent with the response. On control trials, pictures were neutral with respect to the response. Consistent with an age-related reduction in distraction regulation, the results demonstrate an enhanced pictorial distraction effect for older adults, even after age-related general slowing was controlled for. Older adults also tended to take longer to suppress distraction from picture labels than did young adults.
我们采用图片-单词范式，研究了在忽略待忽略图片时的年龄差异。在每次试验中，参与者先观看一个叠加在无关图片上的启动词，然后是一个测试词。任务是确定启动词和测试词在语义上是否相关。图片与反应要么一致，要么不一致。在对照试验中，图片与反应无关。与注意力分散调节的年龄相关下降一致，结果表明，即使在控制了与年龄相关的整体反应变慢之后，老年人的图片干扰效应仍增强。与年轻人相比，老年人抑制来自图片标签的干扰也往往需要更长时间。
