Hernández-Becerril David U, Alonso-Rodríguez Rosalba, Alvarez-Góngora Cynthia, Barón-Campis Sofia A, Ceballos-Corona Gerardo, Herrera-Silveira Jorge, Meave Del Castillo María E, Juárez-Ruíz Norma, Merino-Virgilio Fanny, Morales-Blake Alejandro, Ochoa José L, Orellana-Cepeda Elizabeth, Ramírez-Camarena Casimiro, Rodríguez-Salvador Raciel
Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2007 Aug;42(10):1349-63. doi: 10.1080/10934520701480219.
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are becoming an increasing problem to human health and environment (including effects on natural and cultured resources, tourism and ecosystems) all over the world. In Mexico a number of human fatalities and important economic losses have occurred in the last 30 years because of these events. There are about 70 species of planktonic and non-planktonic microalgae considered harmful in Mexican coasts. The most important toxin-producing species are the dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum, in the Mexican Pacific, and Karenia brevis in the Gulf of Mexico, and consequently the poisonings documented in Mexico are Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) and Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP). Although there is evidence that Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP), Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) and Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) also occur in Mexico, these problems are reported less frequently. The type of phytoplankton and epiphytic microalgae, their toxins and harmful effects as well as current methodology used to study these phenomena are presented in this paper. As an experienced group of workers, we include descriptions of monitoring and mitigation programs, our proposals for collaborative projects and perspectives on future research.
有害藻华（HABs）对全球人类健康和环境（包括对天然和养殖资源、旅游业及生态系统的影响）正构成日益严重的问题。在墨西哥，过去30年里因这些事件已导致一些人员死亡和重大经济损失。在墨西哥海岸，约有70种浮游和非浮游微藻被视为有害藻。最重要的产毒物种是墨西哥太平洋海域的链状裸甲藻和短裸甲藻巴哈马变种，以及墨西哥湾的短裸甲藻，因此墨西哥记录的中毒事件为麻痹性贝类中毒（PSP）和神经性贝类中毒（NSP）。尽管有证据表明失忆性贝类中毒（ASP）、腹泻性贝类中毒（DSP）和雪卡鱼中毒（CFP）在墨西哥也有发生，但这些问题的报告频率较低。本文介绍了浮游植物和附生微藻的类型、它们的毒素及有害影响，以及当前用于研究这些现象的方法。作为一个经验丰富的工作团队，我们还包括监测和缓解计划的描述、我们对合作项目的建议以及对未来研究的展望。
