Beier J C, Onyango F K, Koros J K, Ramadhan M, Ogwang R, Wirtz R A, Koech D K, Roberts C R
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
Med Vet Entomol. 1991 Jan;5(1):71-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1991.tb00523.x.
The malaria transmission potential of wild, infective Anopheles from western Kenya was evaluated by determining the number of sporozoites transmitted in vitro by salivation when their mouthparts were inserted into capillary tubes containing either sucrose or blood. With sucrose, 86.6% of 102 infective Anopheles transmitted a geometric mean (GM) of 3.84 sporozoites (range 1-34). With blood, 23.1% of 104 infective Anopheles, tested on the day of collection, transmitted a GM of 2.30 sporozoites (range 1-117). For Anopheles held 5 days postcapture before testing with blood, 53.6% of 56 transmitted a GM of 6.04 sporozoites (range 1-420). Transmitting Anopheles contained significantly more salivary gland sporozoites than non-transmitters. No significant differences were detected between Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu lato and Anopheles funestus Giles in sporozoite transmission by individuals with sporozoites in their salivary glands. Sporozoites were detected microscopically in the salivary duct from heads in 80.3% of 117 infective Anopheles (GM = 11.2, range 1-71). Sporozoite detection in mosquito heads by ELISA was 25% less efficient than microscopic detection. Over 98% of the infective Anopheles transmitted less than twenty-five Over 98% of the infective Anopheles transmitted less than twenty-five sporozoites. Transmitted sporozoites represented only about 3% of the total sporozoites in the salivary glands suggesting that sporozoite transmission may be restricted to sporozoites in the salivary duct at the time of feeding. Results are discussed in relation to anti-sporozoite vaccine development.
通过将来自肯尼亚西部的野生感染性按蚊的口器插入装有蔗糖或血液的毛细管中，测定其通过唾液分泌在体外传播的子孢子数量，评估了这些按蚊的疟疾传播潜力。使用蔗糖时，102只感染性按蚊中有86.6%传播的子孢子几何平均数（GM）为3.84个（范围为1 - 34个）。使用血液时，在采集当天进行测试的104只感染性按蚊中有23.1%传播的GM为2.30个子孢子（范围为1 - 117个）。对于捕获后5天用血液进行测试的按蚊，56只中有53.6%传播的GM为6.04个子孢子（范围为1 - 420个）。传播子孢子的按蚊唾液腺中的子孢子明显多于不传播的按蚊。在唾液腺中有子孢子的个体中，冈比亚按蚊复合种（Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu lato）和险恶按蚊（Anopheles funestus Giles）在子孢子传播方面未检测到显著差异。在117只感染性按蚊中，80.3%的按蚊头部唾液管中通过显微镜检测到子孢子（GM = 11.2，范围为1 - 71个）。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）在蚊头部检测子孢子的效率比显微镜检测低25%。超过98%的感染性按蚊传播的子孢子少于25个。传播的子孢子仅占唾液腺中总孢子数的约3%，这表明子孢子传播可能仅限于取食时唾液管中的子孢子。结合抗子孢子疫苗的研发对结果进行了讨论。
