Beier J C, Davis J R, Vaughan J A, Noden B H, Beier M S
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1991 May;44(5):564-70. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1991.44.564.
The frequency and numbers of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites transmitted in vitro and corresponding sporozoite loads were determined for experimentally infected Anopheles gambiae and An. stephensi. Geometric mean (GM) sporozoite loads in three experiments ranged from 808 to 13, 905 for An. gambiae and from 6, 608 to 17, 702 for An. stephensi. A total of 44.1% of 68 infected An. gambiae and 49.2% of 63 infected An. stephensi transmitted sporozoites in vitro. The GM number of sporozoites transmitted was 4.5 for An. gambiae and 5.4 for An. stephensi. Overall, 86.9% of the mosquitoes transmitted from one to 25 sporozoites, and only 6.6% transmitted over 100 sporozoites (maximum = 369). Sporozoite loads were not a useful predictor of potential sporozoite transmission. Despite higher sporozoite loads, the numbers of sporozoites transmitted in vitro by the experimentally infected mosquitoes were similar to estimates obtained, using the same techniques, for naturally infected An. gambiae in western Kenya. The low but highly variable numbers of sporozoites transmitted in vitro by mosquitoes used in malaria vaccine challenge studies appears to be a reasonable simulation of natural sporozoite transmission.
测定了实验感染的冈比亚按蚊和斯氏按蚊体外传播的恶性疟原虫子孢子的频率、数量以及相应的子孢子负荷。在三个实验中，冈比亚按蚊的几何平均（GM）子孢子负荷为808至13905，斯氏按蚊为6608至17702。在68只感染的冈比亚按蚊中，共有44.1%、63只感染的斯氏按蚊中有49.2%在体外传播了子孢子。冈比亚按蚊传播的子孢子GM数为4.5，斯氏按蚊为5.4。总体而言，86.9%的蚊子传播了1至25个子孢子，只有6.6%传播了超过100个子孢子（最大值 = 369）。子孢子负荷并不是潜在子孢子传播的有效预测指标。尽管子孢子负荷较高，但实验感染蚊子在体外传播的子孢子数量与使用相同技术对肯尼亚西部自然感染的冈比亚按蚊获得的估计值相似。疟疾疫苗挑战研究中使用的蚊子在体外传播的子孢子数量少但高度可变，这似乎合理模拟了自然子孢子传播。
