Suarez Lucina, Brender Jean D, Langlois Peter H, Zhan F Benjamin, Moody Karen
Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Unit, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX 78756, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Oct;17(10):772-7. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.05.005. Epub 2007 Aug 6.
We examined the relationship between maternal proximity to hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities and neural tube defect (NTD) risk.
Texas Birth Defects Registry cases were linked with their birth or fetal death certificates; controls (without defects) were randomly selected from birth certificates. Distances from maternal addresses at delivery to National Priority List (NPL) and state superfund sites and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) facilities were determined for 655 cases and 4368 controls.
Living within 1 mile of an NPL or state superfund site was not related to NTD risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.0; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.6, 1.7). Living within 1 mile of a TRI facility carried a slight risk (adjusted OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.0, 1.5). The effect was highest among mothers 35 years and older (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.4, 5.0) and among non-Hispanic white mothers (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.8).
Hazardous waste sites posed little risk for NTDs in offspring. Close proximity to industrial facilities with chemical air emissions was associated with NTD risk in some subgroups. Further investigation is needed to determine if the effects are real or due to unresolved confounding or bias.
我们研究了母亲与危险废物场地及工业设施的接近程度与神经管缺陷（NTD）风险之间的关系。
德克萨斯州出生缺陷登记处的病例与其出生或胎儿死亡证明相关联；对照（无缺陷）从出生证明中随机选取。确定了655例病例和4368例对照在分娩时母亲住址与国家优先名单（NPL）、州超级基金场地及有毒物质排放清单（TRI）设施之间的距离。
居住在距离NPL或州超级基金场地1英里范围内与NTD风险无关（调整后的优势比[OR]=1.0；95%置信区间[CI]=0.6，1.7）。居住在距离TRI设施1英里范围内有轻微风险（调整后的OR=1.2；95%CI=1.0，1.5）。这种影响在35岁及以上的母亲中最为明显（OR=2.7；95%CI=1.4，5.0），在非西班牙裔白人母亲中也较为明显（OR=1.8；95%CI=1.1，2.8）。
危险废物场地对后代患NTDs的风险影响很小。与有化学空气排放的工业设施近距离接触在某些亚组中与NTD风险相关。需要进一步调查以确定这些影响是真实的，还是由于未解决的混杂因素或偏差所致。
