McCabe Sean Esteban, Boyd Carol J, Cranford James A, Slayden Janie, Lange James E, Reed Mark B, Ketchie Julie M, Scott Marcia S
Substance Abuse Research Center, The University of Michigan, 2025 Traverwood Drive, Suite C, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-2194, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 Sep;68(5):722-6. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2007.68.722.
Residential learning communities (RLCs) on U.S. college campuses are assumed to build connections between formal learning opportunities and students' living environment. The objective of this longitudinal study was to examine the association between living in RLCs and alcohol misuse among first-year undergraduate students.
A Web-based survey was self-administered to a stratified random sample of 923 first-year undergraduate students (52.7% women) attending a large Midwestern research university. The sample included 342 students who lived and participated in RLCs (termed RLC) and 581 students who did not participate in RLCs (termed non-RLC). First-year students were asked about their drinking behaviors before college, during their first semester, and approximately 6 months later during their second semester.
RLC students reported lower rates of drinking than non-RLC students before college. RLC students reported lower rates of drinking and fewer alcohol-related consequences than non-RLC students during the first and second semesters. Maximum drinks in 1 day increased from precollege to first semester, and this increase was larger among non-RLC students than RLC students. The number of drinks per occasion and alcohol-related consequences increased between first semester and second semester for all students regardless of RLC status.
Lower rates of alcohol misuse among RLC students predate their entrance into college, and the increase in drinking from precollege to first semester is lower in magnitude among RLC students. RLCs' influence involves selection and socialization processes. These findings have implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at incoming first-year undergraduate students.
美国大学校园里的住宿学习社区（RLC）被认为能在正式学习机会与学生生活环境之间建立联系。这项纵向研究的目的是检验住在RLC与一年级本科生酒精滥用之间的关联。
对一所大型中西部研究型大学的923名一年级本科生（52.7%为女性）进行分层随机抽样，通过网络调查进行自我管理。样本包括342名住在RLC并参与其中的学生（称为RLC组）和581名未参与RLC的学生（称为非RLC组）。一年级学生被问及他们上大学前、第一学期以及大约6个月后的第二学期的饮酒行为。
RLC组学生报告上大学前的饮酒率低于非RLC组学生。在第一学期和第二学期，RLC组学生报告的饮酒率低于非RLC组学生，且与酒精相关的后果较少。从大学前到第一学期，一天内的最大饮酒量有所增加，且非RLC组学生的增幅大于RLC组学生。无论是否属于RLC组，所有学生在第一学期到第二学期期间每次饮酒的数量和与酒精相关的后果都有所增加。
RLC组学生较低的酒精滥用率在他们进入大学之前就已存在，且从大学前到第一学期饮酒量的增加幅度在RLC组学生中较小。RLC的影响涉及选择和社会化过程。这些发现对针对入学一年级本科生的预防和干预工作具有启示意义。
