Gonzalgo Mark L, Carter H Ballentine
Department of Urology, Phipps 560-A, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2007 Aug;5(7):737-42. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2007.0065.
The use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for prostate cancer screening has increased dramatically over the past decade. Determining the most efficient way to use PSA testing and how to interpret total PSA levels and changes in PSA values over time remain challenging. Guidelines for early detection of prostate cancer have a direct impact on the number of unnecessary tests performed and are critical for developing a successful screening approach for prostate cancer. The age at which PSA screening should begin, PSA testing intervals, and the importance of understanding fluctuations in PSA values over time are discussed in the framework of recent discoveries in the field. Results from ongoing randomized trials will confirm whether prostate cancer screening is an effective method for reducing deaths from prostate cancer and what approaches will provide the most cost-effective screening strategies.
在过去十年中，使用前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测进行前列腺癌筛查的情况急剧增加。确定使用PSA检测的最有效方法以及如何解读总PSA水平和PSA值随时间的变化仍然具有挑战性。前列腺癌早期检测指南直接影响不必要检测的数量，对于制定成功的前列腺癌筛查方法至关重要。本文将在该领域最新发现的框架内讨论PSA筛查应开始的年龄、PSA检测间隔以及了解PSA值随时间波动的重要性。正在进行的随机试验结果将证实前列腺癌筛查是否是降低前列腺癌死亡的有效方法，以及哪些方法将提供最具成本效益的筛查策略。
