Vasilenko E K, Knyazev V, Gorelov M, Smetanin M, Scherpelz R I, Fix J J
Mayak Production Association, Ozyorsk, Russia.
Health Phys. 2007 Sep;93(3):220-30. doi: 10.1097/01.HP.0000267861.63767.a7.
The Mayak Worker Dosimetry study is a joint Russian/U.S. project to evaluate doses received by workers at the Mayak Production Association facilities from 1948-1972. A key investigation in this project is the characterization of responses of the three types of film dosimeters used to monitor workers during this time period. Experimental irradiations of the dosimeters were performed in the radiation calibration laboratories at the National Research Center for Environment and Health (GSF) in Munich, Germany. The irradiations used photon sources from x-ray beams with ten different energy distributions and with Co and Cs isotopic gamma sources. Irradiations were performed with the dosimeters on phantoms and free-in-air. The dosimeters and phantoms were also positioned at varying angles to the radiation beam. The result of the experiments was a thorough characterization of the dosimeter response as a function of photon energy and as a function of angle for energy and angular ranges that cover the conditions encountered in the Mayak workplaces. The characterization data were then available for use in developing correction factors, which could be applied to worker dosimeter readings to provide a more accurate assessment of worker dose and estimates of doses to organs.
玛雅克工人剂量测定研究是俄罗斯和美国的一个联合项目，旨在评估1948年至1972年期间玛雅克生产协会工厂工人所接受的剂量。该项目的一项关键研究是对这一时期用于监测工人的三种类型胶片剂量计的响应特性进行表征。剂量计的实验辐照在德国慕尼黑的国家环境与健康研究中心（GSF）的辐射校准实验室进行。辐照使用了具有十种不同能量分布的X射线束的光子源以及钴和铯同位素伽马源。剂量计在体模上和空气中进行辐照。剂量计和体模也以不同角度相对于辐射束放置。实验结果是对剂量计响应作为光子能量的函数以及作为能量和角度范围的函数进行了全面表征，这些能量和角度范围涵盖了玛雅克工作场所遇到的条件。然后，这些表征数据可用于制定校正因子，该校正因子可应用于工人剂量计读数，以更准确地评估工人剂量以及对器官剂量的估计。
