Horiuchi Motohiro, Nakamitsu Satoshi
Laboratory of Prion Diseases, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University.
Nihon Rinsho. 2007 Aug;65(8):1513-20.
It has been two decades since bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE) was first recognized in UK. After the emergence in UK, BSE cases reported in European countries, North America, Israel and Japan. In UK, number of BSE cases turned to decline after 1993, and BSE cases are now decreasing in many European countries, suggesting the occurrence of BSE is hopefully coming to an end in near future. Although there are limitations on performing experiments such as long incubation periods and the use of cattle for pathogenetic studies, there are many research outcomes on BSE during the two decades and those are adapted for control measures for BSE. Extensive active surveillance of prion diseases in ruminants in European countries and Japan clarified the exact incidence of the diseases in ruminants, however, the surveillance also disclosed other concerns, for instance, the existence of atypical BSE cases and possibly BSE prion -infected goats in the field.
自英国首次发现牛海绵状脑病（BSE）以来，已经过去了二十年。在英国出现BSE后，欧洲国家、北美、以色列和日本都报告了BSE病例。在英国，1993年后BSE病例数量开始下降，现在许多欧洲国家的BSE病例也在减少，这表明BSE的发生有望在不久的将来结束。尽管进行实验存在局限性，如潜伏期长以及使用牛进行致病性研究，但在这二十年里关于BSE有许多研究成果，这些成果被应用于BSE的控制措施。欧洲国家和日本对反刍动物朊病毒疾病进行了广泛的主动监测，明确了反刍动物中这些疾病的确切发病率，然而，监测也揭示了其他问题，例如，存在非典型BSE病例以及野外可能感染BSE朊病毒的山羊。
