Hagiwara Ken'ichi, Iwamaru Yoshifumi, Tabeta Naoko, Yokoyama Takashi, Tobiume Minoru
a Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Shinjuku-ku , Tokyo , Japan.
b Prion Disease Research Unit , National Institute of Animal Health , Tsukuba City , Ibaraki , Japan.
Prion. 2017 Mar 4;11(2):113-127. doi: 10.1080/19336896.2017.1300731. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
A classical type of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (C-BSE), recognized in 1987, had a large impact on public health due to its zoonotic link to variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by the human consumption of dietary products contaminated with the C-BSE prion. Thus, a number of countries implemented BSE surveillance using rapid post-mortem test kits that were approved for detection of the C-BSE prion in the cattle brain. However, as atypical BSE (L- and H-BSE) cases emerged in subsequent years, the efficacy of the kits for the detection of atypical BSE prions became a matter of concern. In response to this, laboratories in the European Union and Canada evaluated the kits used in their countries. Here, we carried out an evaluation study of NippiBL®, a kit currently used for BSE screening in Japan. By applying the kit to cattle brains of field cases of C-BSE and L-BSE, and an experimental case of H-BSE, we showed its comparable sensitivities to C, L-, and H-BSE prions, and satisfactory performance required by the European Food Safety Authority. In addition to NippiBL®, two kits (TeSeE® and FRELISA®) formerly used in Japan were effective for detection of the L-BSE prion, although the two kits were unable to be tested for the H-BSE prion due to the discontinuation of domestic sales during this study. These results indicate that BSE screening in Japan is as effective as those in other countries, and it is unlikely that cases of atypical BSE have been overlooked.
1987年确认的经典型牛海绵状脑病（C-BSE），因其通过人类食用受C-BSE朊病毒污染的膳食产品与变异型克雅氏病存在人畜共患病联系，对公共卫生产生了重大影响。因此，许多国家使用经批准用于检测牛脑中C-BSE朊病毒的快速尸检检测试剂盒实施疯牛病监测。然而，随着后续几年非典型疯牛病（L型和H型疯牛病）病例的出现，这些试剂盒检测非典型疯牛病朊病毒的效力成为一个令人担忧的问题。对此，欧盟和加拿大的实验室对本国使用的试剂盒进行了评估。在此，我们对目前在日本用于疯牛病筛查的NippiBL®试剂盒进行了一项评估研究。通过将该试剂盒应用于C-BSE和L-BSE的现场病例牛脑以及H-BSE的一个实验病例，我们展示了其对C型、L型和H型疯牛病朊病毒具有相当的敏感性，以及符合欧洲食品安全局要求的令人满意的性能。除了NippiBL®之外，日本以前使用的两种试剂盒（TeSeE®和FRELISA®）对L-BSE朊病毒的检测有效，不过由于在本研究期间国内停止销售，这两种试剂盒无法对H-BSE朊病毒进行检测。这些结果表明，日本的疯牛病筛查与其他国家一样有效，非典型疯牛病病例不太可能被忽视。
