Ball K, Owsley C
Department of Psychology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green 42101.
Hum Factors. 1991 Oct;33(5):583-95. doi: 10.1177/001872089103300509.
Most older adults rely on the automobile to maintain their mobility and independence, in spite of the fact that age-related behavioral and biomedical changes may make driving more difficult. Indeed, accident and fatality rates begin to rise after age 55. One research goal, therefore, is to identify functional measures that differentiate older adults who drive safely from those who do not. This paper discusses conceptual and methodological issues involved in addressing this question, considers why earlier research has been largely unsuccessful, presents a working model for approaching the problem, and argues the need for large-sample, prospective research in this area.
尽管与年龄相关的行为和生物医学变化可能使驾驶变得更加困难，但大多数老年人仍依赖汽车来保持行动能力和独立性。事实上，55岁以后事故率和死亡率开始上升。因此，一个研究目标是确定能够区分安全驾驶的老年人和不安全驾驶的老年人的功能指标。本文讨论了解决这个问题所涉及的概念和方法问题，思考了为什么早期研究大多不成功，提出了一个解决该问题的工作模型，并论证了在这一领域进行大样本前瞻性研究的必要性。
