School of Optometry, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Nov;57(11):2062-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02498.x. Epub 2009 Sep 28.
To quantify the driving difficulties of older adults using a detailed assessment of driving performance and to link this with self-reported retrospective and prospective crashes.
Prospective cohort study.
On-road driving assessment.
Two hundred sixty-seven community-living adults aged 70 to 88 randomly recruited through the electoral roll.
Performance on a standardized measure of driving performance.
Lane positioning, approach, and blind spot monitoring were the most common error types, and errors occurred most frequently in situations involving merging and maneuvering. Drivers reporting more retrospective or prospective crashes made significantly more driving errors. Driver instructor interventions during self-navigation (where the instructor had to brake or take control of the steering to avoid an accident) were significantly associated with higher retrospective and prospective crashes; every instructor intervention almost doubled prospective crash risk.
These findings suggest that on-road driving assessment provides useful information on older driver difficulties, with the self-directed component providing the most valuable information.
通过对驾驶表现的详细评估来量化老年人的驾驶困难，并将其与自我报告的回溯性和前瞻性碰撞联系起来。
前瞻性队列研究。
道路驾驶评估。
通过选民名单随机招募的 267 名年龄在 70 至 88 岁的社区居住的成年人。
在标准化驾驶表现测试中的表现。
车道定位、接近和盲点监测是最常见的错误类型，错误最常发生在合并和操纵的情况下。报告更多回溯性或前瞻性碰撞的驾驶员犯了更多的驾驶错误。在自我导航期间（指导员必须刹车或控制转向以避免事故），驾驶员指导员的干预与更高的回溯性和前瞻性碰撞显著相关；每次指导员干预几乎使前瞻性碰撞风险增加一倍。
这些发现表明，道路驾驶评估为老年驾驶员的困难提供了有用的信息，其中自我指导部分提供了最有价值的信息。
