Thomas M H, Horton R W, Lippincott E C, Drabman R S
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1977 Jun;35(6):450-8.
In two separate experiments, the hypothesis that exposure to violence in the context of television drama decreases subjects' emotional responsivity to portrayals of real-life aggression was tested. Subjects were shown either an excerpt from a violent police drama or a segment of an exciting but nonviolent volley-ball game before watching a videotaped scene of real aggression. Emotionality was measured by changes in skin resistance which was measured continuously throughout the session. In Experiment 1, subjects were 8- to 10-year-old children and the real aggression was a film of an argument and fight between two preschoolers. In Experiment 2, college students participated and reactions to real aggression were measured while subjects watched scenes from news films of the riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. With the exception of adult females, subjects who previously had viewed the aggression drama were less aroused by the scenes of real aggression than were subjects who had seen the control film. Further support for the hypothesis was provided by the finding that for most groups of subjects, the amount of television violence normally viewed was negatively related to responsivity while viewing aggression.
在两项独立实验中，对“在电视剧情境中接触暴力会降低受试者对现实生活中攻击行为描绘的情绪反应能力”这一假设进行了测试。在观看一段真实攻击行为的录像之前，受试者要么观看一段暴力警匪剧的节选片段，要么观看一段精彩但非暴力的排球比赛片段。情绪反应通过皮肤电阻变化来测量，在整个实验过程中持续进行测量。在实验1中，受试者是8至10岁的儿童，真实攻击行为是一段两名学龄前儿童争吵和打架的影片。在实验2中，参与实验的是大学生，在受试者观看1968年民主党全国代表大会骚乱新闻影片的场景时，测量他们对真实攻击行为的反应。除成年女性外，之前观看过攻击行为剧的受试者比观看过对照影片的受试者对真实攻击行为场景的反应更小。对于大多数受试者群体来说，平时观看电视暴力的数量与观看攻击行为时的反应能力呈负相关，这一发现进一步支持了该假设。
