Ianchiĭ R I, Voznesens'ka T Iu, Shepel' O A
Fiziol Zh (1994). 2007;53(3):82-90.
In this review we analyze the involvement of cytokines in regulation of ovarian function. A growing body of evidence suggests that the ovary is a site of inflammatory reactions. Immune-competent cells present within the ovary may constitute potential in-situ modulators of ovarian function that act through local secretion of regulatory soluble factors cytokines. In addition many over cell in the ovary also produce cytokines independently of the presence of leukocytes, thus ovaries are sites of cytokine action and production. There are many evidences that cytokines are involved in the ovarian control of follicular development and are surveyed as the important regulators of steroidogenesis and gamete production. It is established that cytokines generally inhibit gonadotropin-stimulated production of steroids. However ovarian steroids, in turn, reduce the cytokine production by immunecompetent cells. There are some data about participation of cytokines in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of granulose cells. Most cytokines appear in mammalian follicles only a short time before ovulation and play the important role in process of ovulation and luteinization. Thus a variety of clinical situations may be due to cytokine action in the gonads, and therapeutic manipulation of the immune system may affect reproductive function. Moreover the findings about the expression of some cytokines by oocytes and their presence in follicular fluid provide further evidence and substantiate the physiologic role for their in ovarian function, and may lead to clinical applications in programs of in vitro fertilization and in diagnosis and treatment of infertility in women, especially in cases attributed to ovarian dysfunction.
在本综述中，我们分析了细胞因子在卵巢功能调节中的作用。越来越多的证据表明，卵巢是炎症反应的场所。卵巢内存在的免疫活性细胞可能构成卵巢功能的潜在原位调节因子，通过局部分泌调节性可溶性因子（细胞因子）发挥作用。此外，卵巢中的许多其他细胞也独立于白细胞的存在而产生细胞因子，因此卵巢是细胞因子作用和产生的场所。有许多证据表明细胞因子参与卵泡发育的卵巢调控，并被视为类固醇生成和配子产生的重要调节因子。已经确定细胞因子通常抑制促性腺激素刺激的类固醇生成。然而，卵巢类固醇反过来会减少免疫活性细胞的细胞因子产生。关于细胞因子参与调节颗粒细胞增殖和分化有一些数据。大多数细胞因子仅在排卵前短时间出现在哺乳动物卵泡中，并在排卵和黄体化过程中发挥重要作用。因此，多种临床情况可能归因于性腺中的细胞因子作用，免疫系统的治疗性操作可能会影响生殖功能。此外，关于卵母细胞中某些细胞因子的表达及其在卵泡液中的存在的研究结果提供了进一步的证据，证实了它们在卵巢功能中的生理作用，并可能导致在体外受精程序以及女性不孕症的诊断和治疗中的临床应用，特别是在归因于卵巢功能障碍的病例中。
