Wilson J H, van Hillegersberg R, van den Berg J W, Kort W J, Terpstra O T
Dept. of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1991;188:20-5. doi: 10.3109/00365529109111225.
Photodynamic therapy is based on the administration of a compound that is preferentially accumulated by a tumor and which causes tumor destruction after exposure to light of a specific wavelength. The photosensitizers most commonly used in treating tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are porphyrins--hematoporphyrin derivative and dihematoporphyrin ether. These compounds have been used with success to produce reduction in tumor size of esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. In some instances long-lasting complete remission have been observed after photodynamic therapy. New developments include photosensitizers that react to light of a longer wavelength, which is able to penetrate tissue to a greater depth, the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid, which is preferentially converted to porphyrin in malignant cells, and combination of photodynamic therapy with thermic laser, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.
光动力疗法基于给予一种化合物，该化合物优先被肿瘤蓄积，并在暴露于特定波长的光后导致肿瘤破坏。在治疗胃肠道肿瘤时最常用的光敏剂是卟啉——血卟啉衍生物和双血卟啉醚。这些化合物已成功用于使食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌的肿瘤体积缩小。在某些情况下，光动力疗法后观察到了持久的完全缓解。新进展包括对更长波长的光有反应的光敏剂（这种光能够更深地穿透组织）、5-氨基酮戊酸的使用（其在恶性细胞中优先转化为卟啉）以及光动力疗法与热激光、放疗或化疗的联合应用。
