Gingiss P L, Gottlieb N H
Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, TX.
Addict Behav. 1991;16(5):335-40. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(91)90026-e.
To examine the smokeless tobacco (ST) and smoking practices of collegiate varsity and intramural baseball players, 284 undergraduate athletes at two major Southwestern universities were surveyed using a questionnaire previously developed to measure use among this population. About one-fourth of all athletes were current ST users and 4% smokers. Over half of varsity players (53%) compared to 25.9% of intramural players used one or both forms of ST. Varsity players were about 20 times more likely to use ST as to smoke, while intramural players were about five times as likely to use ST than to smoke. On both teams, use of chewing tobacco was associated with use of snuff. Smoking was not associated with ST use in either group. Mean ages for initiation for all products was 15, and for quitting, 18. There was no evidence that one form of tobacco served as a gateway for the other among these young adult athletes. Over a fourth of all users started after age 17, suggesting that college is an appropriate locus for both ST prevention and cessation programming. Such programs for this population must address the unique characteristics of the social environment in collegiate baseball.
为了研究大学棒球校队和校内棒球运动员的无烟烟草（ST）使用及吸烟情况，两所西南地区主要大学的284名本科运动员接受了问卷调查，该问卷此前已开发用于测量该人群的使用情况。所有运动员中约四分之一是当前的无烟烟草使用者，4%是吸烟者。超过一半的校队球员（53%）使用了一种或两种形式的无烟烟草，而校内球员的这一比例为25.9%。校队球员使用无烟烟草的可能性是吸烟的20倍左右，而校内球员使用无烟烟草的可能性是吸烟的5倍左右。在两个队中，嚼烟的使用都与鼻烟的使用有关。吸烟与这两组中的无烟烟草使用均无关。所有产品开始使用的平均年龄为15岁，戒烟的平均年龄为18岁。没有证据表明在这些年轻成年运动员中，一种烟草形式是另一种的入门途径。超过四分之一的使用者在17岁以后开始使用，这表明大学是无烟烟草预防和戒烟项目的合适场所。针对该人群的此类项目必须考虑大学棒球社会环境的独特特征。
