Luna M A, Valenzuela-Tamariz J
Am J Clin Pathol. 1976 Apr;65(4):450-4. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/65.4.450.
Autopsy findings in 20 cases of clinical extragonadal germ-cell tumors arising in the anterior mediastinum are presented. The histologic types were: 2 choriocarcinomas, 3 seminomas, 3 malignant teratomas, 3 embryonal carcinomas, and 9 mixed germ-cell tumors. All of the patients were men, and the ages ranged from 14 to 45 years, with a mean of 32.5 years. The mean survival for these patients after diagnosis was 10.9 months. Local recurrence was characteristic of non-seminomatous tumors. In patients with seminoma, local control of the disease was good, but distant metastases were the cause of death. The most frequent sites of metastases were lungs, bones and liver. In all 20 cases, the testes were carefully step-sectioned. Occult tumor was found in only one case of embryonal carcinoma and a well-defined testicular scar with calcification in a patient with choriocarcinoma. Both patients had lower retroperitoneal metastases. These findings support the premise that, in the majority of cases, these tumors had a primary extragonadal origin.
本文报告了20例起源于前纵隔的临床性腺外生殖细胞肿瘤的尸检结果。组织学类型包括：2例绒毛膜癌、3例精原细胞瘤、3例恶性畸胎瘤、3例胚胎癌和9例混合性生殖细胞肿瘤。所有患者均为男性，年龄在14至45岁之间，平均年龄为32.5岁。这些患者诊断后的平均生存期为10.9个月。局部复发是非精原细胞瘤的特征。精原细胞瘤患者的疾病局部控制良好，但远处转移是死亡原因。最常见的转移部位是肺、骨和肝。对所有20例患者的睾丸进行了仔细的分段切片检查。仅在1例胚胎癌患者中发现隐匿性肿瘤，在1例绒毛膜癌患者中发现明确的伴有钙化的睾丸瘢痕。这两名患者均有腹膜后下转移。这些发现支持了这样一个前提，即在大多数情况下，这些肿瘤起源于性腺外。
