Bojan F, Hajdu P, Belicza E
Department of Social Medicine, University Medical School, Debrecen, Hungary.
Qual Assur Health Care. 1991;3(3):191-203. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/3.3.191.
Age-standardized time trends (1979-1988) for avoidable mortality in two Eastern European countries (Hungary and Czechoslovakia) and selected developed countries (England and Wales, France, Italy, Japan, Portugal and USA) have been analysed. Mortality from both all avoidable causes and all other causes declined in the selected developed countries during the period of observation, the decline in rates for avoidable causes was faster than that for all other causes. In Hungary and Czechoslovakia the death rates from both groups of causes increased in the first part of the period studied and a decline in mortality from both types of causes could be observed from 1985. As a consequence, the difference in avoidable mortality between the Eastern European countries and the developed countries increased by the end of the observation. Studies on mortality from individual amenable causes showed that the death rates are usually much higher in Hungary and Czechoslovakia than in the developed countries and the differences did not diminish during the period of study. In Hungary and Czechoslovakia the bad pattern of mortality from conditions amenable to medical interventions is believed to reflect, at least in part, the crisis in the health services which these countries have experienced for the past decades.
分析了两个东欧国家（匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克）以及部分发达国家（英格兰和威尔士、法国、意大利、日本、葡萄牙和美国）1979 - 1988年可避免死亡率的年龄标准化时间趋势。在观察期内，所选发达国家中所有可避免原因导致的死亡率以及所有其他原因导致的死亡率均有所下降，可避免原因死亡率的下降速度快于所有其他原因死亡率的下降速度。在匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克，在所研究时期的第一部分，两类原因导致的死亡率均上升，从1985年起可观察到两类原因导致的死亡率均有所下降。因此，到观察期末，东欧国家与发达国家之间可避免死亡率的差异增大。对个别可避免原因导致的死亡率研究表明，匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克的死亡率通常远高于发达国家，且在研究期间差异并未缩小。在匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克，可通过医疗干预改善的疾病的不良死亡模式被认为至少部分反映了这些国家在过去几十年中所经历的卫生服务危机。
