Phillips James G, Ogeil Rowan P
School of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Psychological Medicine, Monash University VIC 3800, Australia.
J Gen Psychol. 2007 Jul;134(3):333-53. doi: 10.3200/GENP.134.3.333-354.
The authors considered compliance with a decision aid that E. Thorp (1966) designed to minimize loss in a gambling paradigm under different levels of risk or impairment. Twenty adult men (aged 18-46) completed the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS; H.R. Lesieur & S. B. Blume, 1987) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT; J. P. Allen, D. E Reinert, & R. J. Volk, 2001) and then played a computer blackjack program before and after ingesting alcohol. The decision aid (online Basic advice) increased players' compliance with optimal play and also increased players willingness to wager more at high stakes. Participants attained a mean peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.048%. Alcohol increased the rate of play. After consuming alcohol, participants appeared to spend less time on their decisions and were more reliant on support. The authors explained these results in terms of an alcohol-induced myopia that enhances responses to salient cues.
作者们考量了对一种决策辅助工具的依从性，该工具由E. 索普（1966年）设计，旨在将不同风险或损伤水平下赌博范式中的损失降至最低。20名成年男性（年龄在18 - 46岁之间）完成了南橡树赌博筛查量表（SOGS；H.R. 勒西厄尔和S.B. 布卢姆，1987年）以及酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT；J.P. 艾伦、D.E. 赖纳特和R.J. 沃尔克，2001年），然后在饮酒前后玩一款电脑二十一点程序。该决策辅助工具（在线基本建议）提高了玩家对最优玩法的依从性，也增加了玩家在高赌注下下更大注的意愿。参与者的平均最高血液酒精浓度（BAC）达到了0.048%。酒精加快了游戏速度。饮酒后，参与者似乎在决策上花费的时间减少，且更依赖支持。作者们用酒精诱发的近视来解释这些结果，这种近视会增强对显著线索的反应。
