School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2010 Mar;208(4):603-11. doi: 10.1007/s00213-009-1762-6.
Excess consumption of alcohol leads to impaired cognition and decision making; hence, alcohol-containing products and advertising contain warning messages about the adverse effects of excess drinking. However, there is a need to understand how alcohol influences the processing of advisory messages.
The current study used a computerised gambling simulation and investigated whether intoxication would affect the use of a decision aid. Using a double-blind repeated measures design, 16 adult males (aged 18-29) completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the South Oaks Gambling Screen and played a computer blackjack program on two separate occasions, under differing doses of alcohol. On certain conditions, the computerised decision aid gave advice to participants as to whether the odds were in their favour.
Participants were found to take longer to respond to the decision aid under higher risk conditions when they were losing.
Alcohol intoxication may lead to problems evaluating information pertaining to risk, and this has implications for the use of other decision aids designed to assist intoxicated individuals. The problems processing warning information were consistent with alcohol induced 'myopia' where intoxicated individuals had problems processing less salient cues.
过量饮酒会导致认知和决策能力受损；因此，含酒精的产品和广告都包含有关过量饮酒的不良影响的警告信息。然而，我们需要了解酒精如何影响咨询信息的处理。
本研究使用计算机赌博模拟，调查了醉酒是否会影响决策辅助工具的使用。采用双盲重复测量设计，16 名成年男性（年龄 18-29 岁）在两次不同的情况下完成了酒精使用障碍识别测试和南奥克斯赌博筛查，并在计算机上玩了一个 blackjack 程序。在某些条件下，计算机决策辅助工具会根据参与者的胜算向他们提供建议。
研究发现，当参与者处于输钱的高风险状态时，他们对决策辅助工具的反应时间会更长。
酒精中毒可能导致个体在评估与风险相关的信息时出现问题，这对使用其他旨在帮助醉酒个体的决策辅助工具具有启示意义。处理警告信息的问题与酒精引起的“近视”一致，即醉酒个体在处理不太明显的线索时存在问题。
