Asakura K, Iwaguchi S, Homma M, Sukai T, Higashide K, Tanaka K
Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Gen Microbiol. 1991 Nov;137(11):2531-8. doi: 10.1099/00221287-137-11-2531.
One-hundred-and-four isolates of yeast were collected from the vaginas of 97 outpatients. The isolates were identified by their characteristics in a carbohydrate assimilation test, a serological test and from their morphology. Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were the major isolates (75% and 20%, respectively). The karyotypes of the isolates were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and almost all the karyotypes were distinguishable from one another when the band mobilities were carefully compared. Characteristics and karyotypes were not directly correlated, but seven C. albicans isolates (from six patients) had a common atypical karyotype and shared the same phenotype. These isolates are inferred to be generated by a wide genomic reorganization and mutation and the phenotypic changes may be advantageous for survival. The karyotypes of the isolates recovered from individual patients after intervals of 1-6 months were all identical except for one or two highly variable bands which were identified with an rDNA probe. This suggests that the variable bands are too variable to be useful for distinguishing strains, but from the patterns of the identical bands (i.e. except for the variable bands) we concluded that strains from individual patients do not change, at least over short periods. This, coupled with the extensive inter-isolate variability in karyotype, will be useful for Candida source determination and epidemiological studies.
从97名门诊患者的阴道中收集了104株酵母菌分离株。通过碳水化合物同化试验、血清学试验及其形态学特征对分离株进行鉴定。白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌是主要的分离株（分别占75%和20%）。通过脉冲场凝胶电泳分析分离株的核型，当仔细比较条带迁移率时，几乎所有核型都彼此可区分。特征和核型没有直接相关性，但7株白色念珠菌分离株（来自6名患者）具有共同的非典型核型并具有相同的表型。推测这些分离株是由广泛的基因组重组和突变产生的，表型变化可能有利于生存。在1 - 6个月的间隔后，从个体患者中回收的分离株的核型除了用rDNA探针鉴定的一两条高度可变条带外均相同。这表明可变条带变化太大，无法用于区分菌株，但从相同条带的模式（即除可变条带外）我们得出结论，个体患者的菌株至少在短时间内不会发生变化。这与分离株间核型的广泛变异性相结合，将有助于念珠菌来源的确定和流行病学研究。
