Mohan V, Deepa M, Farooq S, Datta M, Deepa R
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Dr Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Center, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2007 May;55:326-32.
To study the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Chennai representing Urban South India.
The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) is one of the largest epidemiological studies on diabetes carried out in India, where 26,001 individuals aged > or = 20 years were screened using systematic random sampling method. Every tenth subject recruited in Phase 1 of CURES was requested to participate in Phase 3 of CURES and the response rate was 2,350/26,001 or 90.4%. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all individuals except self-reported diabetic subjects. Anthropometric measurements and lipid estimations were done in all subjects. Hypertension was diagnosed in all subjects who were on drug treatment for hypertension or if the blood pressure > or = 140/90 mmHg.
Hypertension was present in 20% [men:23.2% vs. women:17.1%, p<0.001] of the study population. Isolated systolic hypertension (Systolic BP > or = 140 and Diastolic BP<90 mmHg) was present in 6.6% while isolated diastolic hypertension (DBP > or = 90 and SBP<140 mmHg) was present in 4.2% of the population. Among the elderly population (aged > or = 60 years), 25.2% had isolated systolic hypertension. Age, body mass index, smoking, serum cholesterol and triglycerides were found to be strongly associated with hypertension. Among the total hypertensive subjects, only 32.8% were aware of their blood pressure, of these, 70.8% were under treatment and 45.9% had their blood pressure under control.
Hypertension was present in one-fifth of this urban south Indian population and isolated systolic hypertension was more common among elderly population. Majority of hypertensive subjects still remain undetected and the control of hypertension is also inadequate. This calls for urgent prevention and control measures for hypertension.
研究代表印度南部城市钦奈的高血压患病率、知晓率及控制情况。
钦奈城乡流行病学研究（CURES）是印度开展的关于糖尿病的最大规模流行病学研究之一，采用系统随机抽样方法对26,001名年龄≥20岁的个体进行了筛查。在CURES第一阶段招募的每第十位受试者被要求参与CURES第三阶段研究，应答率为2,350/26,001，即90.4%。除自我报告的糖尿病患者外，所有个体均进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验。对所有受试者进行了人体测量和血脂测定。高血压的诊断标准为正在接受高血压药物治疗或血压≥140/90 mmHg的所有受试者。
研究人群中高血压患病率为20%[男性：23.2%，女性：17.1%，p<0.001]。单纯收缩期高血压（收缩压≥140且舒张压<90 mmHg）患病率为6.6%，单纯舒张期高血压（舒张压≥90且收缩压<140 mmHg）患病率为4.2%。在老年人群（年龄≥60岁）中，25.2%患有单纯收缩期高血压。年龄、体重指数、吸烟、血清胆固醇和甘油三酯与高血压密切相关。在所有高血压患者中，只有32.8%知晓自己的血压情况，其中70.8%正在接受治疗，45.9%的血压得到了控制。
该印度南部城市人群中五分之一患有高血压，单纯收缩期高血压在老年人群中更为常见。大多数高血压患者仍未被发现，高血压的控制也不充分。这就需要对高血压采取紧急的预防和控制措施。
