Süllwold F
Institut für Psychologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt a.M.
Z Exp Angew Psychol. 1991;38(4):669-84.
Inhibited thinking as a normal psychological phenomenon has to be distinguished from psychopathologically defined thinking disorders. Normal psychological inhibitions of thinking can be subdivided into affect-induced inhibitions ("affective inhibitions of thinking") and those caused by habituated thinking or sets ("habitual inhibitions"). In affective inhibitions of thinking, a person who is in a state of affective arousal cannot solve a problem which he usually, i.e. in view of his intellectual capacity, is able to solve. Both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of inhibited thinking can be reliably identified by means of rearrangement tasks administered under adequate situative conditions. In several studies, carried out in various groups of subjects, marked decreases in problem solving performance occurred as a consequence of affective inhibitions of thinking. Disorganized thinking which is a typical result of affective inhibitions of thinking, can either be manifested in form of extremely rigid or chaotic behaviour. First results on the individual tendency towards or proneness to affective inhibitions of thinking and their relationship to personality traits are presented. --Based upon these findings on inhibited thinking, general conclusions are drawn for both the psychology of thinking and psychological diagnostics.
作为一种正常心理现象的思维抑制必须与精神病理学定义的思维障碍区分开来。正常的思维心理抑制可细分为情感诱发的抑制（“思维的情感抑制”）和由习惯性思维或定势引起的抑制（“习惯性抑制”）。在思维的情感抑制中，处于情感唤起状态的人无法解决一个他通常（即鉴于其智力水平）能够解决的问题。通过在适当情境条件下进行的重新排列任务，可以可靠地识别思维抑制的数量和质量方面。在针对不同受试者群体开展的多项研究中，思维的情感抑制导致解决问题的表现显著下降。思维混乱是思维情感抑制的典型结果，它可以表现为极端僵化或混乱行为的形式。本文呈现了关于个体对思维情感抑制的倾向或易感性及其与人格特质关系的初步研究结果。——基于这些关于思维抑制的发现，对思维心理学和心理诊断学得出了一般性结论。
