Benzerroug E H, Janssens P G, Ambroise-Thomas P
Service du paludisme et des maladies parasitaires, Institut National de Santé Publique, El Biar, Alger, Algérie.
Bull World Health Organ. 1991;69(6):713-23.
On the basis of geoclimatic characteristics, the Saharan region of Algeria (area, 2 million km2) is made up of several subregions; analysis of the historical data on malaria in this region seems to show that the epidemiological situation is closely linked to climatic and hydrographic conditions. A longitudinal sero-epidemiological study was conducted in this vast region from September 1983 to April 1985. The general findings do not appear to support the existence of active foci of transmission, but analysis of the data for certain oases and localities leads to a quite different assessment of the epidemiological situation. At Ouargla, for example, the serological results obtained by indirect immunofluorescence show prevalence of under 5% in the four successive surveys, whereas in Heïha oasis over 50% of subjects over 30 years of age were found to be seropositive. The results of the longitudinal seroepidemiological surveys conducted in a number of localities and oases in the Saharan region reflect the diversity of epidemiological settings and provide evidence that there is low-level malaria transmission in some oases such as Heïha, Yakou, Ihérir and probably in In-Salah. These surveys confirm that malaria transmission has been halted in the former foci such as Ouargla and Timimoune. Finally, the longitudinal sero-epidemiological study shows there are movements of potential parasite carriers from countries south of the Sahara and therefore that oases associated with trans-Saharan trade are vulnerable.
根据地理气候特征，阿尔及利亚的撒哈拉地区（面积200万平方公里）由几个次区域组成；对该地区疟疾历史数据的分析似乎表明，流行病学情况与气候和水文条件密切相关。1983年9月至1985年4月在这个广大地区开展了一项纵向血清流行病学研究。总体研究结果似乎并不支持存在活跃传播病灶，但对某些绿洲和地点的数据进行分析后，对流行病学情况得出了截然不同的评估。例如，在瓦尔格拉，通过间接免疫荧光法获得的血清学结果显示，在连续四次调查中患病率均低于5%，而在海哈绿洲，发现30岁以上的人群中超过50%血清呈阳性。在撒哈拉地区一些地点和绿洲进行的纵向血清流行病学调查结果反映了流行病学情况的多样性，并证明在一些绿洲如伊哈、亚库、伊赫里尔以及可能在因萨拉赫存在低水平的疟疾传播。这些调查证实，在瓦尔格拉和蒂米蒙等以前的病灶地区疟疾传播已经停止。最后，纵向血清流行病学研究表明，存在潜在寄生虫携带者从撒哈拉以南国家迁入的情况，因此与跨撒哈拉贸易相关的绿洲很脆弱。
