Wang Shuxiao, Zhao Yu, Chen Gangcai, Wang Fei, Aunan Kristin, Hao Jiming
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Environ Pollut. 2008 May;153(1):247-56. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.07.030. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
To determine the population exposure to PM(10) in Chongqing, China, we developed an indirect model by combining information on the time activity patterns of various demographic subgroups with estimates of the PM(10) concentrations in different microenvironments (MEs). The spatial and temporal variations of the exposure to PM(10) were illustrated in a geographical information system (GIS). The population weighted exposure (PWE) for the entire population was 229, 155 and 211 microg/m(3), respectively, in winter, summer and as the annual average. Indoor PM(10) level at home was the largest contributor to the PWE, especially for the rural areas where high pollution levels were found due to solid fuels burning. Elder people had higher PM(10) exposure than adults and youth, due to more time spent in indoor MEs. The highest health risk due to particulate was found in the city zone and northeast regions, suggesting that pollution abatement should be prioritized in these areas.
为确定中国重庆人群对可吸入颗粒物（PM₁₀）的暴露情况，我们通过整合不同人口亚组的时间活动模式信息与不同微环境（MEs）中PM₁₀浓度的估算值，建立了一个间接模型。在地理信息系统（GIS）中展示了PM₁₀暴露的时空变化。冬季、夏季及年平均情况下，整个人口的人群加权暴露（PWE）分别为229、155和211微克/立方米。家庭室内PM₁₀水平是PWE的最大贡献者，特别是在农村地区，由于固体燃料燃烧导致污染水平较高。老年人比成年人和年轻人有更高的PM₁₀暴露，因为他们在室内微环境中花费的时间更多。在城市区域和东北地区发现因颗粒物导致的健康风险最高，这表明这些地区应优先进行污染治理。
