Shitaye J E, Matlova L, Horvathova A, Moravkova M, Dvorska-Bartosova L, Treml F, Lamka J, Pavlik I
Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Vet Microbiol. 2008 Feb 5;127(1-2):155-64. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.026. Epub 2007 Aug 1.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (MAA) of serotype 2 and genotype IS901+ and IS1245+ was cultured from 21 naturally infected hens (Gallus domesticus) from one smallholder aviary. From a total of 330 samples taken from hens, 124 mycobacteria were detected. Out of which MAA was detected in 103 (35.7%) of 288 tissues, in 4 (19.0%) of 21 swabs of cloacae and in 9 (42.9%) of 21 faeces samples, 8 other conditionally pathogenic mycobacterial species were also isolated. Tuberculous (TB) lesions were found in the liver, spleen and intestinal organs of seven hens. The isolates of MAA (n=58) from 16 infected hens (7 with TB lesions and 9 without TB lesions) were found to be of 3 IS901 RFLP types AE (n=48), AD (n=4) and E (n=6), where these MAA isolates are highly virulent to hens. Mixed infections with IS901 RFLP types (AE and AD) and (AE and E) were also evident in seven hens. From a total of 35 examined environmental samples, 23 mycobacterial isolates were detected. Out of which four (17.4%) MAA isolates of IS901 RFLP type AE and 19 (82.6%) other isolates of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria were detected. The finding of identical IS901 RFLP types from both tissues and faecal isolates confirms that infected domestic hens are the principal source of infection for other susceptible hosts and lead to the contamination of the surrounding environment. The presence of different IS901 RFLP types in tissue isolates may indicate the repeated incidence of MAA infection and the occurrence of polyclonal infection.
从一个小农户禽舍的21只自然感染母鸡（家鸡）中培养出了血清型2、基因型为IS901+和IS1245+的鸟分枝杆菌鸟亚种（MAA）。从母鸡采集的总共330份样本中，检测到124株分枝杆菌。其中，在288个组织中的103个（35.7%）、21份泄殖腔拭子中的4个（19.0%）以及21份粪便样本中的9个（42.9%）检测到MAA，还分离出了8种其他条件致病性分枝杆菌。在7只母鸡的肝脏、脾脏和肠道器官中发现了结核病变。从16只感染母鸡（7只患有结核病变，9只没有结核病变）中分离出的58株MAA菌株被发现属于3种IS901限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）类型，即AE型（n = 48）、AD型（n = 4）和E型（n = 6），这些MAA菌株对母鸡具有高度致病性。在7只母鸡中还明显存在IS901 RFLP类型（AE和AD）以及（AE和E）的混合感染。在总共35份检测的环境样本中，检测到23株分枝杆菌分离株。其中，检测到4株（17.4%）IS901 RFLP类型为AE的MAA分离株和19株（82.6%）其他条件致病性分枝杆菌分离株。从组织和粪便分离株中发现相同的IS901 RFLP类型，证实感染的家鸡是其他易感宿主的主要感染源，并导致周围环境受到污染。组织分离株中存在不同的IS901 RFLP类型可能表明MAA感染的反复发生以及多克隆感染的出现。
