Shultz Sandra J, Nguyen Anh-Dung
Applied Neuromechanics Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
Clin J Sport Med. 2007 Sep;17(5):357-61. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31811df950.
To quantify side-to-side differences in lower-extremity anatomic characteristics, and to compare the magnitude of left-right differences with the measurement error for each variable.
: Descriptive.
Applied neuromechanics research laboratory.
One hundred healthy participants (50 male, 50 females).
One examiner measured 14 anatomic characteristics on the left and right lower extremities. The value on the left was subtracted from value on the right, and 68% (+/-1 SD) and 95% (+/-1.96 SD) confidence intervals were constructed around the mean differences, respectively. These values were compared with the examiner's absolute measurement error for each measure.
Total leg length, pelvic angle, hip anteversion, standing and supine quadriceps angle, tibiofemoral angle, knee laxity, genu recurvatum, femur and tibia length, tibial torsion, rearfoot angle, and navicular drop.
Left-right differences in pelvic angle, tibial torsion, and navicular drop exceeded the measurement error in more than 32% of the cases. Five to thirty-two percent of the cases had left-right differences exceeding the measurement error for hip anteversion, standing and supine quadriceps angle, tibiofemoral angle, knee laxity, genu recurvatum, and femur length. Asymmetries in limb length were not observed.
Bilateral asymmetries exist in many clinical alignment characteristics, indicating that measurements taken on one limb may not be representative of the contralateral limb. We recommend measuring both extremities when anatomic characteristics are included as part of preseason screenings and prospective study designs to ensure valid comparison.
量化下肢解剖特征的左右差异，并将左右差异的大小与每个变量的测量误差进行比较。
描述性研究。
应用神经力学研究实验室。
100名健康参与者（50名男性，50名女性）。
一名检查者测量左右下肢的14项解剖特征。用右侧的值减去左侧的值，并分别围绕平均差异构建68%（±1标准差）和95%（±1.96标准差）的置信区间。将这些值与检查者对每项测量的绝对测量误差进行比较。
全腿长度、骨盆角度、髋关节前倾角、站立位和仰卧位股四头肌角度、胫股角、膝关节松弛度、膝反屈、股骨和胫骨长度、胫骨扭转、后足角度和舟骨下降。
在超过32%的病例中，骨盆角度、胫骨扭转和舟骨下降的左右差异超过测量误差。在5%至32%的病例中，髋关节前倾角、站立位和仰卧位股四头肌角度、胫股角、膝关节松弛度、膝反屈和股骨长度的左右差异超过测量误差。未观察到肢体长度不对称。
许多临床对线特征存在双侧不对称，这表明在一侧肢体上进行的测量可能不代表对侧肢体。我们建议，在将解剖特征纳入季前筛查和前瞻性研究设计的一部分时，测量双侧肢体，以确保有效比较。
