Dougal Sonya, Rotello Caren M
New York University, New York New York 10003, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Jun;14(3):423-9. doi: 10.3758/bf03194083.
Recent studies have demonstrated that emotional stimuli result in a higher proportion of recognized items that are "remembered" (e.g., Kensinger & Corkin, 2003; Ochsner, 2000), leading to greater estimates of recollection by the dual-process model (Yonelinas, 1994). This result suggests that recognition judgments to emotional stimuli depend on a recollection process. We challenge this conclusion with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve data from two experiments. In both experiments, subjects studied neutral and emotional words. During the recognition test, subjects made old-new confidence ratings as well as remember-know judgments. Four models of remember-know judgments were fit to individual subjects' data: two versions of a one-dimensional signal-detection-based model (Donaldson, 1996; Wixted & Stretch, 2004), the dual-process model (Yonelinas, 1994), and the two-dimensional signal-detection-based model known as STREAK (Rotello, Macmillan, & Reeder, 2004). Consistent with the literature, we found that emotion increases subjective reports of "remembering:" However, our ROC analyses and modeling work reveal that the effect is due to response bias differences rather than sensitivity change or use of a high-threshold recollection process.
最近的研究表明，情绪刺激会导致更高比例被识别的项目被“记住”（例如，肯辛格和科金，2003年；奥克斯纳，2000年），从而使双加工模型（约内利纳斯，1994年）对回忆的估计更高。这一结果表明，对情绪刺激的识别判断依赖于回忆过程。我们用来自两个实验的接受者操作特征（ROC）曲线数据对这一结论提出质疑。在这两个实验中，受试者学习中性词和情绪词。在识别测试中，受试者进行新旧信心评级以及记住-知道判断。四种记住-知道判断模型被用于拟合个体受试者的数据：基于一维信号检测的模型的两个版本（唐纳森，1996年；威克斯泰德和斯特雷奇，2004年）、双加工模型（约内利纳斯，1994年）以及被称为STREAK的基于二维信号检测的模型（罗泰洛、麦克米伦和里德，2004年）。与文献一致，我们发现情绪会增加“记住”的主观报告：然而，我们的ROC分析和建模工作表明，这种效应是由于反应偏差差异，而非敏感性变化或使用高阈值回忆过程所致。
