Christensen Jeppe Hagstrup, Schmidt Erik Berg
Department of Nephrology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2007 Sep;8 Suppl 1:S19-22. doi: 10.2459/01.JCM.0000289276.10675.a1.
Animal and in-vitro studies have shown profound antiarrhythmic effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the heart. Because n-3 PUFAs (in particular docosahexaenoic acid) are abundant in nervous tissue, this antiarrhythmic effect may be mediated by effects of n-3 PUFAs on autonomic control or tone. This paper reviews the effect of n-3 PUFAs on heart rate variability, a noninvasive indicator of cardiac autonomic function. In most, although not all, studies, dietary n-3 PUFA levels and n-3 PUFA supplementation are related to improved heart rate variability. Although further research is required to confirm these relationships, the results support a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFAs on autonomic tone in humans, specifically an increase in vagal tone, which may reduce the risk of arrhythmias. The modulation of heart rate variability by n-3 PUFAs may partly explain the reduction in sudden cardiac death observed in subjects with a regular intake of n-3 PUFAs.
动物和体外研究表明，n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）对心脏具有显著的抗心律失常作用。由于n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（特别是二十二碳六烯酸）在神经组织中含量丰富，这种抗心律失常作用可能是由n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对自主神经控制或张力的影响介导的。本文综述了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对心率变异性的影响，心率变异性是心脏自主神经功能的一种非侵入性指标。在大多数（尽管不是所有）研究中，饮食中的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸水平和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸补充剂与改善心率变异性有关。尽管需要进一步研究来证实这些关系，但结果支持n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对人类自主神经张力有有益作用，特别是迷走神经张力增加，这可能降低心律失常的风险。n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对心率变异性的调节可能部分解释了在定期摄入n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的受试者中观察到的心源性猝死减少的现象。
