Chaouachi A, Chamari K, Roky R, Wong P, Mbazaa A, Bartagi Z, Amri M
Research Unit Evaluation, Sport, Santé, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.
Int J Sports Med. 2008 Apr;29(4):282-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-965338. Epub 2007 Sep 18.
The effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) was studied on a battery of blood lipid markers in 15 elite judo athletes during a period when they were maintaining their training load without competing. Nine-to-twelve hours postprandial serum lipid and lipoproteins were measured on five occasions: before, three times during Ramadan, and three weeks post-Ramadan. Dietary data were collected using a 24-hour recall method for three days before, during and after the Ramadan month. Mean energy intake (12.9 MJ/d) remained similar throughout the study as did the macronutrient constituents of the diet. Mean body mass was slightly reduced (2 %; p < 0.01) by the end of Ramadan due mainly to a 0.65 +/- 0.68 kg decrease in body fat (p < 0.05). The RIF produced significant changes in some of the blood lipid levels: both HDL-C and LDL-C increased by 0.12 (p < 0.01) and 0.20 mmol . l (-1) (p < 0.05), respectively. During Ramadan, mean non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels decreased from 0.73 to 0.28 mmol . l (-1) (p < 0.01) during the first week, then increased (p < 0.05) to 1.22 mmol . l (-1) over the middle of Ramadan and recovered to pre-Ramadan concentrations for the end and the post-Ramadan periods. Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) levels were significantly elevated at the end (p < 0.01) and the post-Ramadan periods (p < 0.05). Three weeks after Ramadan, blood levels of glucose, NEFA, Apo-A1, and Apo-B did not return to the values observed before Ramadan. In conclusion, the present results show that the combination of the change in diet pattern during Ramadan, along with intense exercise training, induced a significant decrease in body mass associated with a reduction in body fat and changes in some of the serum lipids and lipoproteins. Nevertheless, all the measured serum parameters remained within normal levels for young and active individuals. The volunteers, in this study, were able to maintain a constant training load during RIF.
在15名精英柔道运动员维持训练负荷但不参加比赛的期间，研究了斋月间歇性禁食（RIF）对一系列血脂指标的影响。在五个时间点测量了餐后9至12小时的血清脂质和脂蛋白：斋月前、斋月期间三次以及斋月后三周。使用24小时回忆法收集斋月前、斋月期间和斋月后的三天饮食数据。在整个研究过程中，平均能量摄入量（12.9 MJ/d）保持相似，饮食中的常量营养素成分也是如此。到斋月结束时，平均体重略有下降（2%；p<0.01），主要是由于体脂减少了0.65±0.68 kg（p<0.05）。RIF使一些血脂水平发生了显著变化：高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）分别增加了0.12（p<0.01）和0.20 mmol·l⁻¹（p<0.05）。在斋月期间，平均非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）水平在第一周从0.73降至0.28 mmol·l⁻¹（p<0.01），然后在斋月中期升高（p<0.05）至1.22 mmol·l⁻¹，并在斋月结束时和斋月后恢复到斋月前的浓度。载脂蛋白A1（Apo-A1）水平在斋月结束时（p<0.01）和斋月后（p<0.05）显著升高。斋月后三周，血糖、NEFA、Apo-A1和Apo-B的血液水平未恢复到斋月前观察到的值。总之，目前的结果表明，斋月期间饮食模式的变化与高强度运动训练相结合，导致体重显著下降，同时体脂减少，一些血清脂质和脂蛋白也发生了变化。然而，所有测量的血清参数对于年轻活跃个体仍保持在正常水平。在本研究中，志愿者们在RIF期间能够维持恒定的训练负荷。
