Dikensoy Ebru, Balat Ozcan, Cebesoy Bahar, Ozkur Ayhan, Cicek Hulya, Can Gunay
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Feb;279(2):119-23. doi: 10.1007/s00404-008-0680-x. Epub 2008 May 17.
To determine the effects of fasting during the month of Ramadan on fetal development and maternal serum cortisol and lipid profile.
This study was performed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Gaziantep University Hospital, between 23 September 2006 and 23 October 2006 (during the month of Ramadan). Thirty-six consecutive healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies of 20 weeks or more, who were fasting during Ramadan, were included in the study group (group 1). The control group (group 2) consisted of 29 healthy pregnant women, who were not fasting during the study period. For evaluating Ramadan's effect on fetus, Doppler ultrasonography was performed on all subjects in the beginning and then once a week until the end of Ramadan for the following measurements: increase of fetal biparietal diameter (BPD), increase of fetal femur length (FL), increase of estimated fetal body weight (EFBW), fetal biophysical profile (BPP), amniotic fluid index (AFI), and umbilical artery systole/diastole (S/D) ratio. Maternal serum cortisol, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and LDL/HDL ratio were also evaluated before and after Ramadan.
No significant difference was found between the two groups for the fetal age, maternal weight gain (kilogram), estimated fetal weight gain (EFWG), fetal BPP, AFI, and umbilical artery S/D ratio. In the fasting group, the maternal serum cortisol levels on day 20 were significantly higher than the initial levels obtained 1 week prior to Ramadan (p < 0.05). Although no significant increases were observed in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the fasting group, these increases were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). LDL and VLDL levels showed a non-significant decrease at the end of the Ramadan. HDL levels showed a slight increase, but LDL/HDL ratios were significantly decreased in fasting group (p < 0.05).
The results of this study showed that maternal serum cortisol level was elevated while LDL/HDL ratio were decreased in healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies of 20 weeks or more, who were fasting during Ramadan. No untoward effect of Ramadan was observed on intrauterine fetal development.
确定斋月期间禁食对胎儿发育、母体血清皮质醇和血脂水平的影响。
本研究于2006年9月23日至2006年10月23日（斋月期间）在加济安泰普大学医院妇产科进行。研究组（第1组）纳入了36名连续的健康孕妇，她们怀孕20周或以上且孕期无并发症，在斋月期间禁食。对照组（第2组）由29名健康孕妇组成，她们在研究期间不禁食。为评估斋月对胎儿的影响，对所有受试者在开始时进行多普勒超声检查，然后每周进行一次，直至斋月结束，进行以下测量：胎儿双顶径（BPD）增加、胎儿股骨长度（FL）增加、估计胎儿体重（EFBW）增加、胎儿生物物理评分（BPP）、羊水指数（AFI）以及脐动脉收缩期/舒张期（S/D）比值。还在斋月前后评估母体血清皮质醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）以及LDL/HDL比值。
两组在胎龄、母体体重增加（千克）、估计胎儿体重增加（EFWG）、胎儿BPP、AFI以及脐动脉S/D比值方面未发现显著差异。在禁食组中，第20天时母体血清皮质醇水平显著高于斋月前1周测得的初始水平（p < 0.05）。尽管禁食组总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平未观察到显著升高，但这些升高幅度显著高于对照组（p < 0.05）。斋月结束时，LDL和VLDL水平呈非显著下降。HDL水平略有升高，但禁食组LDL/HDL比值显著降低（p < 0.05）。
本研究结果表明，怀孕20周或以上且孕期无并发症的健康孕妇在斋月期间禁食时，母体血清皮质醇水平升高，而LDL/HDL比值降低。未观察到斋月对子宫内胎儿发育有不良影响。
