Tomaszewski Paweł, Milde Katarzyna, Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza Edyta, Nowicki Dariusz
Zakład Statystyki i informatyki AWF w Warszawie.
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2007;13(3):125-8.
Unique somatic build, structure, composition and functioning of the body of short-statured children bring about uneven chances compared to other children performing physical fitness test. Evaluation of physical fitness of short-statured children is even more important in the con-text of widely used in a school practice uniform assessment criteria.
To assess the physical fitness of overweight or normal-weight, short-statured children, as measured by the EUROFIT test.
Short-statured (body height below 10th percentile) boys and girls aged 8 years took part in the study. Using weight-for-height index (WHI), the subjects were additionally classified into groups of overweight (WHI>1.28 SD) or normal-weight (-1.28 SD<WHI<1.28 SD), short-statured children. Body height and body mass were 119.9+/-3.19 cm and 25.5+/-3.52 kg in overweight boys (OWB; n=102) and 120.1+/-2.72 cm and 21.9+/-1.47 kg in normal-weight boys (NWB; n=219), respectively. The same values recorded for short-statured overweight girls (OWG; n=96) were 118.2+/-2.45 cm and 24.0+/-2.00 kg, and for normal-weight girls (NWG; n=162) 118.9+/-2.35 cm and 20.9+/-1.30 kg, respectively. The children were subjected to the following EUROFIT fitness tests: sit-and-reach (SAR), standing broad jump (SBJ), handgrip (HGR), bent-arm hang (BAH) and shuttle run 10x5 m (SHR). The results were standardised against the functions of means and standard deviations for age computed for the Polish population and compared with the t-test.
Both groups of short-statured girls performed significantly worse compared with the general population with respect to HGR, and significantly better with respect to BAH. In boys, it was only true for the normal-weight ones. Compared to normal-weight girls, the overweight ones performed significantly worse with respect to SBJ.
Since the early-school age various forms of physical activity should be provided that would decrease the potential deficiencies in physical fitness of children. Systematically undertaken physical activity would be also one of the key elements in the treatment of obesity.
身材矮小儿童独特的身体形态、结构、组成和功能，使得他们在进行体能测试时与其他儿童相比机会不均等。在学校实践中广泛使用统一评估标准的背景下，评估身材矮小儿童的体能更为重要。
通过欧洲青少年体能测试（EUROFIT）评估超重或体重正常的身材矮小儿童的体能。
8岁身材矮小（身高低于第10百分位数）的男孩和女孩参与了研究。利用身高体重指数（WHI），将受试者进一步分为超重（WHI>1.28标准差）或体重正常（-1.28标准差<WHI<1.28标准差）的身材矮小儿童组。超重男孩（OWB；n = 102）的身高和体重分别为119.9±3.19厘米和25.5±3.52千克，体重正常男孩（NWB；n = 219）的身高和体重分别为120.1±2.72厘米和21.9±1.47千克。身材矮小超重女孩（OWG；n = 96）的相同测量值分别为118.2±2.45厘米和24.0±2.00千克，体重正常女孩（NWG；n = 162）的相同测量值分别为118.9±2.35厘米和20.9±1.30千克。对儿童进行以下欧洲青少年体能测试：坐立前屈（SAR）、立定跳远（SBJ）、握力（HGR）、悬垂（BAH）和10×5米往返跑（SHR）。结果根据波兰人群年龄的均值和标准差函数进行标准化，并通过t检验进行比较。
两组身材矮小女孩在握力方面与总体人群相比表现明显较差，而在悬垂方面表现明显较好。在男孩中，仅体重正常的男孩是这样。与体重正常女孩相比，超重女孩在立定跳远方面表现明显较差。
从学龄早期就应提供各种形式的体育活动，以减少儿童体能方面的潜在缺陷。系统地进行体育活动也将是治疗肥胖症的关键要素之一。
