Saemundsen Evald, Ludvigsson Petur, Rafnsson Vilhjalmur
Division of Autism and Communication Disorders, State Diagnostic and Counseling Center, Kopavogur, Iceland.
J Child Neurol. 2007 Sep;22(9):1102-7. doi: 10.1177/0883073807306251.
The objective of this article is to describe autistic spectrum disorders in children diagnosed with infantile spasms in the first year of life. The source of data was the records of all 3 pediatric departments in Iceland. Twenty children born between 1981 and 1998 who had infantile spasms were invited to participate. When appropriate, the parents of these children were asked to complete the Social Communication Questionnaire. Children scoring 10 points or higher on the questionnaire were selected for further examination using the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised and either the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule or the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. All participants were given appropriate cognitive tests or measures of adaptive behavior. The parents of 17 children (10 boys, 7 girls) agreed to participate in the study. Age at assessment ranged from 5 to 19 years with a mean age of 11 years and 6 months. Fourteen children had at least one neurodevelopmental disorder. Six (6/17), or 35.3%, were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (3 boys, 3 girls), five of these had a history of symptomatic infantile spasms, and four were profoundly mentally retarded (IQ/DQ<20). If the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder was restricted to children with a developmental age of 24 months or more (3 cases), the prevalence was 17.6%. The estimates found in this study exceed the estimated prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in the general population.
本文的目的是描述在生命第一年被诊断为婴儿痉挛症的儿童中的自闭症谱系障碍。数据来源是冰岛所有3个儿科部门的记录。邀请了1981年至1998年出生的20名患有婴儿痉挛症的儿童参与。在适当的时候，要求这些儿童的父母填写社会交往问卷。在问卷中得分10分或更高的儿童被选出来，使用修订版自闭症诊断访谈以及自闭症诊断观察量表或儿童自闭症评定量表进行进一步检查。所有参与者都接受了适当的认知测试或适应性行为测量。17名儿童（10名男孩，7名女孩）的父母同意参与该研究。评估时的年龄范围为5至19岁，平均年龄为11岁6个月。14名儿童至少患有一种神经发育障碍。6名（6/17），即35.3%，被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍（3名男孩，3名女孩），其中5名有症状性婴儿痉挛症病史，4名严重智力迟钝（智商/发育商<20）。如果将自闭症谱系障碍的诊断仅限于发育年龄在24个月或以上的儿童（3例），患病率为17.6%。本研究中发现的估计患病率超过了一般人群中自闭症谱系障碍的估计患病率。
