Noar Seth M
Department of Communication, University of Kentucky, 248 Grehan Building, Lexington, KY 40506-0042, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2008 May;12(3):335-53. doi: 10.1007/s10461-007-9313-9. Epub 2007 Sep 21.
Over the past 25 years, scores of behavioral interventions to reduce HIV-related sexual risk behavior have been developed and evaluated. The purpose of the current study was to synthesize what is known about such interventions by systematically reviewing and synthesizing extant meta-analyses of the literature. Comprehensive search procedures resulted in a set of 18 meta-analyses that targeted HIV-related sexual risk behavior in a defined target population. The median meta-analysis in the review contained k = 19 primary studies with a cumulative N = 9,423 participants. All meta-analyses (11/11) that examined condom use found a statistically significant increase (median effect: OR = 1.34); 9/11 for reducing unprotected sex (median effect: OR = .76); 3/8 for reducing numbers of sexual partners (median effect: OR = .87); 4/6 for reduction of STDs (median effect: OR = .74); and 5/5 for reducing composite sexual risk (median effect: OR = .78). Summaries of moderator analyses suggested particular participant, intervention, and methodological characteristics that may influence the success of interventions. Implications include achieving a broader understanding of intervention moderators as well as increasing effectiveness trials and translation/dissemination of efficacious interventions to those populations most at risk.
在过去25年里，人们开发并评估了大量旨在减少与艾滋病毒相关的性风险行为的行为干预措施。本研究的目的是通过系统回顾和综合现有文献的荟萃分析，总结关于此类干预措施的已知情况。全面的检索程序产生了一组18项针对特定目标人群中与艾滋病毒相关的性风险行为的荟萃分析。该综述中的荟萃分析中位数包含k = 19项主要研究，累计N = 9423名参与者。所有检查避孕套使用情况的荟萃分析（11/11）均发现有统计学意义的增加（中位数效应：OR = 1.34）；9/11用于减少无保护性行为（中位数效应：OR = 0.76）；3/8用于减少性伴侣数量（中位数效应：OR = 0.87）；4/6用于减少性传播感染（中位数效应：OR = 0.74）；5/5用于减少综合性风险（中位数效应：OR = 0.78）。调节因素分析的总结表明了可能影响干预措施成功的特定参与者、干预措施和方法学特征。其意义包括更广泛地理解干预调节因素，以及增加有效性试验，并将有效的干预措施推广到风险最高的人群中。
