音乐家增强了对语音和音乐的皮层下听觉及视听处理能力。
Musicians have enhanced subcortical auditory and audiovisual processing of speech and music.
作者信息
Musacchia Gabriella, Sams Mikko, Skoe Erika, Kraus Nina
机构信息
Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences, Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 2;104(40):15894-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0701498104. Epub 2007 Sep 26.
Abstract
Musical training is known to modify cortical organization. Here, we show that such modifications extend to subcortical sensory structures and generalize to processing of speech. Musicians had earlier and larger brainstem responses than nonmusician controls to both speech and music stimuli presented in auditory and audiovisual conditions, evident as early as 10 ms after acoustic onset. Phase-locking to stimulus periodicity, which likely underlies perception of pitch, was enhanced in musicians and strongly correlated with length of musical practice. In addition, viewing videos of speech (lip-reading) and music (instrument being played) enhanced temporal and frequency encoding in the auditory brainstem, particularly in musicians. These findings demonstrate practice-related changes in the early sensory encoding of auditory and audiovisual information.
摘要
众所周知，音乐训练会改变大脑皮层组织。在此，我们表明这种改变会延伸至皮层下感觉结构，并推广到言语加工。与非音乐家对照组相比，音乐家在听觉和视听条件下对言语和音乐刺激的脑干反应更早且更强，早在声音开始后10毫秒就很明显。与刺激周期性的锁相可能是音高感知的基础，在音乐家中得到增强，并且与音乐练习的时长密切相关。此外，观看言语（唇读）和音乐（乐器演奏）视频会增强听觉脑干中的时间和频率编码，尤其是在音乐家中。这些发现证明了在听觉和视听信息的早期感觉编码中与练习相关的变化。
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