Kaikkonen Piia, Nummela Ari, Rusko Heikki
KIHU, Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007 Dec;102(1):79-86. doi: 10.1007/s00421-007-0559-8. Epub 2007 Sep 25.
Since heart rate variability (HRV) during the first minutes of the recovery after exercise has barely been studied, we wanted to find out HRV dynamics immediately after five different constant-speed exercises. Thirteen sedentary women performed two low-intensity (3,500 m [3,500(LI)] and 7,000 m [7,000(LI)] at 50% of the velocity of VO(2max) [vVO(2max)]), two moderate-intensity (3,500 m [3,500(MI)] and 7,000 m [7,000(MI)] at approximately 63% vVO(2max)) and one high-intensity (3,500 m at approximately 74% vVO(2max) [3,500(HI)]) exercises on a treadmill. HRV was analyzed with short-time Fourier transform method during the 30-min recovery. High frequency power (HFP) was for the first time higher than at the end of the exercise after the first minute of the recovery (3,500(LI) and 7,000(LI), P < 0.001), after the fourth (3,500(MI), P < 0.05) and the fifth (7,000(MI), P < 0.05) minute of the recovery and at the end of the 30-min recovery (3,500(HI), P < 0.01). There were no differences in HRV between 3,500(LI) and 7,000(LI) or between 3,500(MI) and 7,000(MI) during the recovery. The levels of HFP and TP were higher during the whole recovery after 3,500(LI) compared to 3,500(MI) and 3,500(HI). We found increased HFP, presumably caused by vagal reactivation, during the first 5 min of the recovery after each exercise, except for 3,500(HI). The increased intensity of the exercise resulted in slower recovery of HFP as well as lower levels of HFP and TP when compared to low-intensity exercise. Instead, the doubled running distance had no influence on HRV recovery.
由于运动后恢复最初几分钟内心率变异性（HRV）几乎未被研究过，我们想要了解五种不同恒速运动后即刻的HRV动态变化。13名久坐不动的女性在跑步机上进行了两种低强度运动（以最大摄氧量速度[vVO₂max]的50%分别跑3500米[3500(LI)]和7000米[7000(LI)]）、两种中等强度运动（以约63% vVO₂max分别跑3500米[3500(MI)]和7000米[7000(MI)]）以及一种高强度运动（以约74% vVO₂max跑3500米[3500(HI)]）。在30分钟的恢复过程中，采用短时傅里叶变换方法分析HRV。在恢复的第1分钟后（3500(LI)和7000(LI)，P < 0.001）、第4分钟后（3500(MI)，P < 0.05）、第5分钟后（7000(MI)，P < 0.05）以及30分钟恢复结束时（3500(HI)，P < 0.01），高频功率（HFP）首次高于运动结束时。在恢复过程中，3500(LI)和7000(LI)之间以及3500(MI)和7000(MI)之间的HRV没有差异。与3500(MI)和3500(HI)相比，3500(LI)后的整个恢复过程中HFP和总功率（TP）水平更高。我们发现，除了3500(HI)外，每次运动后恢复的前5分钟内HFP增加，推测是由迷走神经再激活引起的。与低强度运动相比，运动强度增加导致HFP恢复较慢以及HFP和TP水平较低。相反，跑步距离翻倍对HRV恢复没有影响。
