Wessely S, Castle D, Der G, Murray R
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London.
Br J Psychiatry. 1991 Dec;159:795-801. doi: 10.1192/bjp.159.6.795.
A case-control study was performed using 90% of all first-contact patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia residing in the London borough of Camberwell between 1965 and 1984. Cases and controls were obtained from the Camberwell psychiatric case register. Controls were those presenting with first episodes of non-psychotic disorders, matched for age, sex and period. The risk of schizophrenia was greater in those of Afro-Caribbean ethnicity, irrespective of age, gender or place of birth. This risk increased over the study period. The results cannot be explained by changes in the age, gender or ethnic structure of the local population. Effects of misdiagnosis or change in diagnostic practice were reduced by using uniform operational criteria. Possible explanations include maternal exposure to unfamiliar infective agents, a differential fall in the age at onset of illness, or worsening social adversity.
一项病例对照研究对1965年至1984年间居住在坎伯韦尔伦敦行政区、临床诊断为精神分裂症的所有初诊患者中的90%进行了研究。病例和对照均来自坎伯韦尔精神病病例登记册。对照为首次发作非精神病性障碍的患者，按年龄、性别和时期进行匹配。无论年龄、性别或出生地如何，非洲加勒比裔人群患精神分裂症的风险更高。在研究期间，这种风险有所增加。结果无法用当地人口年龄、性别或种族结构的变化来解释。通过使用统一的操作标准，减少了误诊或诊断实践变化的影响。可能的解释包括母亲接触不熟悉的传染源、发病年龄的差异下降或社会逆境的恶化。
