Rotimi Vincent O, Jamal Wafaa, Pal Tibor, Sonnevend Agnes, Dimitrov Tsonyo S, Albert M John
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 Jan;60(1):71-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.07.007. Epub 2007 Oct 10.
Kuwait and United Arab Emirates (UAE) are 2 countries with worldwide significance in the context of global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. The extent of drug resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from these countries was investigated by determining their susceptibility to 9 antibiotics using the E-test method. Amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin had excellent activities against all Kuwait and UAE isolates with MIC(90)s ranging between 0.056 and 4.5 microg/mL. The resistance rates in Kuwait and UAE to ampicillin were 26.5% and 17.1%, cefotaxime/ceftriaxone 1.6% and 1.6%, ciprofloxacin 1.2% and 0.8%, chloramphenicol 5.6% and 5.7%, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 26.1% and 8.9%, respectively. A total of 9.8% of the Kuwait isolates were multidrug resistant versus 4.1% of UAE isolates. Reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was observed in 14.2% and 7.4% of the nontyphoidal Salmonella, respectively, as were in 44% of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and 66.7% Salmonella paratyphi. Salmonella spp. with reduced quinolones susceptibility have emerged in the Gulf region, and this is of concern as it may compromise the treatment of infections caused by invasive strains.
在全球抗菌药物耐药性流行病学背景下，科威特和阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）是两个具有全球意义的国家。通过采用E-test法测定从这些国家分离出的沙门氏菌属对9种抗生素的敏感性，调查了其耐药程度。阿米卡星、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、环丙沙星和庆大霉素对所有科威特和阿联酋分离株均有优异活性，其MIC（90）范围在0.056至4.5微克/毫升之间。科威特和阿联酋对氨苄西林的耐药率分别为26.5%和17.1%，对头孢噻肟/头孢曲松为1.6%和1.6%，对环丙沙星为1.2%和0.8%，对氯霉素为5.6%和5.7%，对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑为26.1%和8.9%。科威特分离株中共有9.8%为多重耐药，而阿联酋分离株为4.1%。非伤寒沙门氏菌中分别有14.2%和7.4%对环丙沙星敏感性降低，伤寒沙门氏菌肠炎血清型中有44%以及副伤寒沙门氏菌中有66.7%也是如此。海湾地区已出现对喹诺酮类药物敏感性降低的沙门氏菌属，这令人担忧，因为它可能会影响侵袭性菌株所致感染的治疗。
