Dumas Julie, Hancur-Bucci Catherine, Naylor Magdalena, Sites Cynthia, Newhouse Paul
Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 1 South Prospect St., Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
Horm Behav. 2008 Jan;53(1):159-69. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.09.011. Epub 2007 Oct 26.
Estradiol has been shown to interact with the cholinergic system to affect cognition in postmenopausal women. This study further investigated the interaction of estradiol and cholinergic system functioning on verbal memory and attention in two groups of healthy younger (ages 50-62) and older (ages 70-81) postmenopausal women. Twenty-two postmenopausal women were randomly and blindly placed on 1 mg of 17-beta estradiol orally for 1 month then 2 mg for 2 months or matching placebo pills after which they participated in three anticholinergic challenge sessions when verbal memory and attention were assessed. Subjects were administered either the antimuscarinic drug scopolamine (SCOP), the antinicotinic drug mecamylamine (MECA), or placebo. After the first challenge phase, they were crossed over to the other hormone treatment for another 3 months and repeated the challenges. Results showed that estradiol pretreatment significantly attenuated the anticholinergic drug-induced impairments on a test of episodic memory (the Buschke Selective Reminding Task) for the younger group only, while estradiol treatment impaired performance of the older group. The results suggest that younger subjects may experience more cholinergic benefit from estradiol treatment than older subjects, supporting the concept of a critical period for postmenopausal estrogen use.
已证实雌二醇可与胆碱能系统相互作用，从而影响绝经后女性的认知能力。本研究进一步调查了雌二醇与胆碱能系统功能在两组健康的年轻（50 - 62岁）和年长（70 - 81岁）绝经后女性的言语记忆和注意力方面的相互作用。22名绝经后女性被随机、盲法分组，一组口服1毫克17-β雌二醇1个月，然后服用2毫克2个月；另一组服用匹配的安慰剂药丸。之后，她们参加了三个抗胆碱能激发试验阶段，在此期间评估言语记忆和注意力。受试者分别服用抗毒蕈碱药物东莨菪碱（SCOP）、抗烟碱药物美加明（MECA）或安慰剂。在第一个激发阶段后，她们交叉接受另一种激素治疗3个月，并重复激发试验。结果显示，雌二醇预处理仅显著减轻了年轻组在情景记忆测试（Buschke选择性提醒任务）中抗胆碱能药物诱导的损伤，而雌二醇治疗损害了年长组的表现。结果表明，年轻受试者可能比年长受试者从雌二醇治疗中获得更多的胆碱能益处，这支持了绝经后雌激素使用关键期的概念。
