Barnabás Beáta, Jäger Katalin, Fehér Attila
Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik 2, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
Plant Cell Environ. 2008 Jan;31(1):11-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01727.x. Epub 2007 Oct 30.
As the result of intensive research and breeding efforts over the last 20 years, the yield potential and yield quality of cereals have been greatly improved. Nowadays, yield safety has gained more importance because of the forecasted climatic changes. Drought and high temperature are especially considered as key stress factors with high potential impact on crop yield. Yield safety can only be improved if future breeding attempts will be based on the valuable new knowledge acquired on the processes determining plant development and its responses to stress. Plant stress responses are very complex. Interactions between plant structure, function and the environment need to be investigated at various phases of plant development at the organismal, cellular as well as molecular levels in order to obtain a full picture. The results achieved so far in this field indicate that various plant organs, in a definite hierarchy and in interaction with each other, are involved in determining crop yield under stress. Here we attempt to summarize the currently available information on cereal reproduction under drought and heat stress and to give an outlook towards potential strategies to improve yield safety in cereals.
经过过去20年的深入研究和育种工作，谷类作物的产量潜力和产量质量得到了极大提高。如今，由于气候变化的预测，产量安全性变得更加重要。干旱和高温尤其被视为对作物产量具有高潜在影响的关键胁迫因素。只有未来的育种尝试基于在决定植物发育及其对胁迫反应的过程中获得的宝贵新知识，产量安全性才能得到提高。植物的胁迫反应非常复杂。为了全面了解情况，需要在植物发育的各个阶段，从生物体、细胞以及分子水平研究植物结构、功能与环境之间的相互作用。该领域目前取得的结果表明，各种植物器官以明确的层次结构相互作用，参与决定胁迫条件下的作物产量。在此，我们试图总结目前关于干旱和热胁迫下谷类作物繁殖的可用信息，并展望提高谷类作物产量安全性的潜在策略。
