Norekvål Tone M, Wahl Astrid K, Fridlund Bengt, Nordrehaug Jan E, Wentzel-Larsen Tore, Hanestad Berit R
Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2007 Oct 30;5:58. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-5-58.
A substantial burden associated with MI has been reported. Thus, how survivors experience their quality of life (QOL) is now being given increasing attention. However, few studies have involved women and a comparison with the general population. The aims of this study were to determine the QOL of female MI survivors, to investigate whether their QOL differed from that of the general population, and to evaluate the clinical significance of the findings.
Two cross-sectional surveys were performed; on female MI survivors and the general Norwegian population. The MI survey included women aged 62-80 years, three months to five years after their MI. One hundred and forty-five women responded, yielding a response rate of 60%. A subset of women in the same age range (n = 156) was drawn from a study of 1893 randomly selected Norwegian citizens. QOL was measured in both groups with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Abbreviated (WHOQOL-BREF).
The majority (54%) of the female MI survivors presented with ST-elevation in their ECG, 31% received thrombolysis, and 38% had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Female MI survivors reported significantly lower satisfaction with general health (p = 0.020) and overall QOL (p = 0.017) than women from the general population. This was also the case for the physical and environmental QOL domains (p < 0.001), but not for the psychological and social relationship domains. Estimated effect sizes between the two groups of participants ranged from 0.1 to -0.6.
The burden of MI significantly affects the physical health of elderly women. Still, female MI survivors fare as well as the general female population on psychosocial QOL domains. Action should be taken not only to support women's physical needs but also to reinforce their strengths in order to maintain optimal QOL.
据报道，心肌梗死（MI）会带来巨大负担。因此，心肌梗死幸存者如何体验他们的生活质量（QOL）现在受到越来越多的关注。然而，很少有研究涉及女性以及与普通人群的比较。本研究的目的是确定女性心肌梗死幸存者的生活质量，调查她们的生活质量是否与普通人群不同，并评估研究结果的临床意义。
进行了两项横断面调查；一项针对女性心肌梗死幸存者，另一项针对挪威普通人群。心肌梗死调查包括62 - 80岁、心肌梗死后三个月至五年的女性。145名女性做出了回应，回应率为60%。同一年龄范围的一部分女性（n = 156）是从对1893名随机选择的挪威公民的研究中抽取的。两组均使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL - BREF）来测量生活质量。
大多数（54%）女性心肌梗死幸存者心电图显示ST段抬高，31%接受了溶栓治疗，38%左心室射血分数降低。与普通人群中的女性相比，女性心肌梗死幸存者对总体健康状况（p = 0.020）和总体生活质量（p = 0.017）的满意度明显较低。身体和环境生活质量领域也是如此（p < 0.001），但心理和社会关系领域并非如此。两组参与者之间的估计效应大小在0.1至 - 0.6之间。
心肌梗死的负担显著影响老年女性的身体健康。然而，女性心肌梗死幸存者在心理社会生活质量领域的表现与普通女性人群相当。不仅应采取行动支持女性的身体需求，还应增强她们的优势，以维持最佳生活质量。
