Wolf Claude, Quinn Peter J
UMRS 538, UMPC Faculté de Medecine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France.
Prog Lipid Res. 2008 Jan;47(1):15-36. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2007.09.001. Epub 2007 Sep 20.
Lipidomics is the characterization of the molecular species of lipids in biological samples. The polar lipids that comprise the bilayer matrix of the constituent cell membranes of living tissues are highly complex and number many hundreds of distinct lipid species. These differ in the nature of the polar group representing the different classes of lipid. Each class consists of a range of molecular species depending on the length, position of attachment and number of unsaturated double bonds in the associated fatty acids. The origin of this complexity is described and the biochemical processes responsible for homeostasis of the lipid composition of each morphologically-distinct membrane is considered. The practical steps that have been developed for the isolation of membranes and the lipids there from, their storage, separation, detection and identification by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry are described. Application of lipidomic analyses and examples where clinical screening for lipidoses in collaboration with mass spectrometry facilities are considered from the user point of view.
脂质组学是对生物样品中脂质分子种类的表征。构成活组织组成细胞膜双层基质的极性脂质高度复杂,有数百种不同的脂质种类。这些脂质在代表不同脂质类别的极性基团性质上有所不同。每一类脂质都由一系列分子种类组成,这取决于相关脂肪酸的长度、连接位置和不饱和双键的数量。本文描述了这种复杂性的起源,并考虑了负责每种形态不同的膜脂质组成稳态的生化过程。还描述了为分离膜及其所含脂质、储存、分离、检测和通过液相色谱-质谱联用进行鉴定而开发的实际步骤。从用户角度考虑脂质组学分析的应用以及与质谱设施合作进行脂质沉积症临床筛查的实例。