Gross V, Andus T, Leser H G, Roth M, Schölmerich J
Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Universität Regensburg.
Klin Wochenschr. 1991 Dec 15;69(21-23):981-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01645143.
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) of unknown etiology. They are characterized by an activation of intestinal mononuclear cells. Cytokines play a crucial role in the regulation of the functions of these cells. An increased synthesis of the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), which are primarily synthesized by activated monocytes/macrophages has been described in patients with IBD. The synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and of interferon gamma (IFN gamma), which are produced by lymphocytes, on the other hand, has been found to be decreased. The published data are, however, not quite consistent. In patients with IBD there is not only a stimulation of the local cytokine production in the gut. The blood levels and the synthesis of the cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells are also increased, in particular in patients with Crohn's disease. Drugs, which are commonly used for the treatment of IBD impair the synthesis of these cytokines in monocytes/macrophages.
克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎是病因不明的慢性炎症性肠病（IBD）。它们的特征是肠道单核细胞活化。细胞因子在调节这些细胞的功能中起关键作用。在IBD患者中，已发现主要由活化的单核细胞/巨噬细胞合成的细胞因子白细胞介素-1（IL-1）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）的合成增加。另一方面，由淋巴细胞产生的白细胞介素-2（IL-2）和干扰素γ（IFNγ）的合成则减少。然而，已发表的数据并不完全一致。在IBD患者中，不仅肠道局部细胞因子的产生受到刺激。外周血单核细胞产生的细胞因子IL-1、IL-6和TNFα的血液水平及合成也会增加，尤其是在克罗恩病患者中。常用于治疗IBD的药物会损害单核细胞/巨噬细胞中这些细胞因子的合成。
