一种用于评估运动员双侧力量不对称性的垂直跳跃力测试。

A vertical jump force test for assessing bilateral strength asymmetry in athletes.

作者信息

Impellizzeri Franco M, Rampinini Ermanno, Maffiuletti Nicola, Marcora Samuele M

机构信息

Human Performance Lab, Mapei Sport Research Center, Castellanza, Varese, Italy.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Nov;39(11):2044-50. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31814fb55c.

DOI:10.1249/mss.0b013e31814fb55c

PMID:17986914

Abstract

PURPOSE

To establish the validity and reliability of a new vertical jump force test (VJFT) for the assessment of bilateral strength asymmetry in a total of 451 athletes.

METHODS

The VJFT consists of countermovement jumps with both legs simultaneously: one on a single force platform, the other on a leveled wooden platform. Jumps with the right or the left leg on the force platform were alternated. Bilateral strength asymmetry was calculated as [(stronger leg - weaker leg)/stronger leg] x 100. A positive sign indicates a stronger right leg; a negative sign indicates a stronger left leg. Studies 1 (N = 59) and 2 (N = 41) examined the correlation between the VJFT and other tests of lower-limb bilateral strength asymmetry in male athletes. In study 3, VJFT reliability was assessed in 60 male athletes. In study 4, the effect of rehabilitation on bilateral strength asymmetry was examined in seven male and female athletes 8-12 wk after unilateral knee surgery. In study 5, normative data were determined in 313 male soccer players.

RESULTS

Significant correlations were found between VJFT and both the isokinetic leg extension test (r = 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.66) and the isometric leg press test (r = 0.83; 0.70-0.91). VJFT test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.91 (0.85-0.94), and typical error was 2.4%. The change in mean [-0.40% (-1.25 to 0.46%)] was not substantial. Rehabilitation decreased bilateral strength asymmetry (mean +/- SD) of the athletes recovering from unilateral knee surgery from 23 +/- 3 to 10 +/- 4% (P < 0.01). The range of normal bilateral strength asymmetry (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles) was -15 to 15%.

CONCLUSIONS

The assessment of bilateral strength asymmetry with the VJFT is valid and reliable, and it may be useful in sports medicine.

摘要

目的

建立一种新的垂直跳跃力量测试（VJFT）的有效性和可靠性，以评估总共451名运动员的双侧力量不对称情况。

方法

VJFT包括双腿同时进行的反向跳跃：一次在单个测力平台上，另一次在水平的木制平台上。在测力平台上用右腿或左腿跳跃交替进行。双侧力量不对称计算为[（较强腿 - 较弱腿）/较强腿]×100。正号表示右腿较强；负号表示左腿较强。研究1（N = 59）和研究2（N = 41）检验了VJFT与男性运动员下肢双侧力量不对称的其他测试之间的相关性。在研究3中，对60名男性运动员评估了VJFT的可靠性。在研究4中，对7名单侧膝关节手术后8 - 12周的男性和女性运动员，研究了康复对双侧力量不对称的影响。在研究5中，确定了313名男性足球运动员的规范数据。

结果

发现VJFT与等速伸腿测试（r = 0.48；95%置信区间，0.26 - 0.66）和等长腿推举测试（r = 0.83；0.70 - 0.91）之间存在显著相关性。VJFT重测组内相关系数为0.91（0.85 - 0.94），典型误差为2.4%。平均值的变化[-0.40%（-1.25至0.46%）]不显著。康复降低了单侧膝关节手术后恢复的运动员的双侧力量不对称（平均值±标准差），从23±3降至10±4%（P < 0.01）。正常双侧力量不对称的范围（第2.5至97.5百分位数）为-15至15%。